1 00:00:16,630 --> 00:00:20,169 now we would like to move into one of 2 00:00:20,169 --> 00:00:20,179 now we would like to move into one of 3 00:00:20,179 --> 00:00:22,419 now we would like to move into one of the topics for the aerospace world its 4 00:00:22,419 --> 00:00:22,429 the topics for the aerospace world its 5 00:00:22,429 --> 00:00:26,370 the topics for the aerospace world its major the major one Ribbit's Ribbit's 6 00:00:26,370 --> 00:00:26,380 major the major one Ribbit's Ribbit's 7 00:00:26,380 --> 00:00:30,220 major the major one Ribbit's Ribbit's are relatively low-cost permanently 8 00:00:30,220 --> 00:00:30,230 are relatively low-cost permanently 9 00:00:30,230 --> 00:00:31,810 are relatively low-cost permanently installed fasteners that are lighter 10 00:00:31,810 --> 00:00:31,820 installed fasteners that are lighter 11 00:00:31,820 --> 00:00:34,930 installed fasteners that are lighter weight than bolts they are interference 12 00:00:34,930 --> 00:00:34,940 weight than bolts they are interference 13 00:00:34,940 --> 00:00:36,640 weight than bolts they are interference fit which makes them a lot different 14 00:00:36,640 --> 00:00:36,650 fit which makes them a lot different 15 00:00:36,650 --> 00:00:38,950 fit which makes them a lot different from bolts when you analyze them or put 16 00:00:38,950 --> 00:00:38,960 from bolts when you analyze them or put 17 00:00:38,960 --> 00:00:40,840 from bolts when you analyze them or put them in combination with other fasteners 18 00:00:40,840 --> 00:00:40,850 them in combination with other fasteners 19 00:00:40,850 --> 00:00:43,990 them in combination with other fasteners and rivet installation is faster than 20 00:00:43,990 --> 00:00:44,000 and rivet installation is faster than 21 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:46,030 and rivet installation is faster than bolt installation because it can be done 22 00:00:46,030 --> 00:00:46,040 bolt installation because it can be done 23 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:49,349 bolt installation because it can be done in a lot of cases with automatic tools 24 00:00:49,349 --> 00:00:49,359 in a lot of cases with automatic tools 25 00:00:49,359 --> 00:00:52,330 in a lot of cases with automatic tools ribbits worked the best in thin sheet 26 00:00:52,330 --> 00:00:52,340 ribbits worked the best in thin sheet 27 00:00:52,340 --> 00:00:54,520 ribbits worked the best in thin sheet designs where shear is the dominant load 28 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:54,530 designs where shear is the dominant load 29 00:00:54,530 --> 00:00:57,759 designs where shear is the dominant load since a rivet really does not have very 30 00:00:57,759 --> 00:00:57,769 since a rivet really does not have very 31 00:00:57,769 --> 00:01:02,369 since a rivet really does not have very good tensile properties tensile capacity 32 00:01:02,369 --> 00:01:02,379 good tensile properties tensile capacity 33 00:01:02,379 --> 00:01:06,910 good tensile properties tensile capacity the rivets should also be designed to be 34 00:01:06,910 --> 00:01:06,920 the rivets should also be designed to be 35 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:12,070 the rivets should also be designed to be critical in bearing since you are 36 00:01:12,070 --> 00:01:12,080 critical in bearing since you are 37 00:01:12,080 --> 00:01:15,430 critical in bearing since you are normally considering them as a big 38 00:01:15,430 --> 00:01:15,440 normally considering them as a big 39 00:01:15,440 --> 00:01:18,249 normally considering them as a big pattern of fasteners holding a load so 40 00:01:18,249 --> 00:01:18,259 pattern of fasteners holding a load so 41 00:01:18,259 --> 00:01:20,589 pattern of fasteners holding a load so since they have to work together they 42 00:01:20,589 --> 00:01:20,599 since they have to work together they 43 00:01:20,599 --> 00:01:22,270 since they have to work together they need to be bearing critical so they can 44 00:01:22,270 --> 00:01:22,280 need to be bearing critical so they can 45 00:01:22,280 --> 00:01:25,930 need to be bearing critical so they can distribute the loads properly the longer 46 00:01:25,930 --> 00:01:25,940 distribute the loads properly the longer 47 00:01:25,940 --> 00:01:29,199 distribute the loads properly the longer the grip length of a rivet or that is 48 00:01:29,199 --> 00:01:29,209 the grip length of a rivet or that is 49 00:01:29,209 --> 00:01:31,029 the grip length of a rivet or that is the total thickness of sheets being 50 00:01:31,029 --> 00:01:31,039 the total thickness of sheets being 51 00:01:31,039 --> 00:01:33,940 the total thickness of sheets being joined the more difficult it becomes to 52 00:01:33,940 --> 00:01:33,950 joined the more difficult it becomes to 53 00:01:33,950 --> 00:01:36,510 joined the more difficult it becomes to lock the rivet because you're trying to 54 00:01:36,510 --> 00:01:36,520 lock the rivet because you're trying to 55 00:01:36,520 --> 00:01:39,219 lock the rivet because you're trying to compress all these sheets and sometimes 56 00:01:39,219 --> 00:01:39,229 compress all these sheets and sometimes 57 00:01:39,229 --> 00:01:42,279 compress all these sheets and sometimes it's difficult to get them drawn up 58 00:01:42,279 --> 00:01:42,289 it's difficult to get them drawn up 59 00:01:42,289 --> 00:01:47,920 it's difficult to get them drawn up properly 60 00:01:47,920 --> 00:01:47,930 61 00:01:47,930 --> 00:01:50,570 now even though rivets are designed with 62 00:01:50,570 --> 00:01:50,580 now even though rivets are designed with 63 00:01:50,580 --> 00:01:53,000 now even though rivets are designed with an interference fit they're not airtight 64 00:01:53,000 --> 00:01:53,010 an interference fit they're not airtight 65 00:01:53,010 --> 00:01:56,180 an interference fit they're not airtight or watertight so if you want to seal a 66 00:01:56,180 --> 00:01:56,190 or watertight so if you want to seal a 67 00:01:56,190 --> 00:01:57,980 or watertight so if you want to seal a joint you have to apply some type of 68 00:01:57,980 --> 00:01:57,990 joint you have to apply some type of 69 00:01:57,990 --> 00:02:02,480 joint you have to apply some type of sealant to the joint around the rivets 70 00:02:02,480 --> 00:02:02,490 sealant to the joint around the rivets 71 00:02:02,490 --> 00:02:04,700 sealant to the joint around the rivets and here's another very important 72 00:02:04,700 --> 00:02:04,710 and here's another very important 73 00:02:04,710 --> 00:02:06,469 and here's another very important feature since rivets are permanently 74 00:02:06,469 --> 00:02:06,479 feature since rivets are permanently 75 00:02:06,479 --> 00:02:09,380 feature since rivets are permanently installed they have to be removed by 76 00:02:09,380 --> 00:02:09,390 installed they have to be removed by 77 00:02:09,390 --> 00:02:11,570 installed they have to be removed by drilling or punching them out and 78 00:02:11,570 --> 00:02:11,580 drilling or punching them out and 79 00:02:11,580 --> 00:02:13,880 drilling or punching them out and replace them with oversized rivets and 80 00:02:13,880 --> 00:02:13,890 replace them with oversized rivets and 81 00:02:13,890 --> 00:02:17,630 replace them with oversized rivets and this is a real laborious task from the 82 00:02:17,630 --> 00:02:17,640 this is a real laborious task from the 83 00:02:17,640 --> 00:02:19,970 this is a real laborious task from the standpoint of both getting the old rivet 84 00:02:19,970 --> 00:02:19,980 standpoint of both getting the old rivet 85 00:02:19,980 --> 00:02:22,960 standpoint of both getting the old rivet out without screwing up the hold where 86 00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:22,970 out without screwing up the hold where 87 00:02:22,970 --> 00:02:27,080 out without screwing up the hold where it's impossible to install another rivet 88 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:27,090 it's impossible to install another rivet 89 00:02:27,090 --> 00:02:29,420 it's impossible to install another rivet in it without going to a much larger 90 00:02:29,420 --> 00:02:29,430 in it without going to a much larger 91 00:02:29,430 --> 00:02:31,610 in it without going to a much larger size which might get you in trouble an 92 00:02:31,610 --> 00:02:31,620 size which might get you in trouble an 93 00:02:31,620 --> 00:02:33,800 size which might get you in trouble an edge distance and spacing and that type 94 00:02:33,800 --> 00:02:33,810 edge distance and spacing and that type 95 00:02:33,810 --> 00:02:37,610 edge distance and spacing and that type of thing rivet materials are made of 96 00:02:37,610 --> 00:02:37,620 of thing rivet materials are made of 97 00:02:37,620 --> 00:02:41,900 of thing rivet materials are made of various carbon steels corrosion 98 00:02:41,900 --> 00:02:41,910 various carbon steels corrosion 99 00:02:41,910 --> 00:02:44,930 various carbon steels corrosion resistant steel brass aluminum Monello 100 00:02:44,930 --> 00:02:44,940 resistant steel brass aluminum Monello 101 00:02:44,940 --> 00:02:48,500 resistant steel brass aluminum Monello titanium and they have to be ductile 102 00:02:48,500 --> 00:02:48,510 titanium and they have to be ductile 103 00:02:48,510 --> 00:02:50,810 titanium and they have to be ductile enough that you can form a head on them 104 00:02:50,810 --> 00:02:50,820 enough that you can form a head on them 105 00:02:50,820 --> 00:02:54,680 enough that you can form a head on them without cracking so you need a high 106 00:02:54,680 --> 00:02:54,690 without cracking so you need a high 107 00:02:54,690 --> 00:02:57,740 without cracking so you need a high strength so it is a kind of a balancing 108 00:02:57,740 --> 00:02:57,750 strength so it is a kind of a balancing 109 00:02:57,750 --> 00:02:59,630 strength so it is a kind of a balancing act to try to get one that's ductile 110 00:02:59,630 --> 00:02:59,640 act to try to get one that's ductile 111 00:02:59,640 --> 00:03:02,770 act to try to get one that's ductile enough to form but on the other hand 112 00:03:02,770 --> 00:03:02,780 enough to form but on the other hand 113 00:03:02,780 --> 00:03:06,229 enough to form but on the other hand will have a high enough strength to give 114 00:03:06,229 --> 00:03:06,239 will have a high enough strength to give 115 00:03:06,239 --> 00:03:08,990 will have a high enough strength to give you the load carrying capacity that you 116 00:03:08,990 --> 00:03:09,000 you the load carrying capacity that you 117 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:14,170 you the load carrying capacity that you want now in the table 13 of course is a 118 00:03:14,170 --> 00:03:14,180 want now in the table 13 of course is a 119 00:03:14,180 --> 00:03:16,759 want now in the table 13 of course is a list of some of the aerospace materials 120 00:03:16,759 --> 00:03:16,769 list of some of the aerospace materials 121 00:03:16,769 --> 00:03:20,600 list of some of the aerospace materials and some of these rivets contain more 122 00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:20,610 and some of these rivets contain more 123 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:22,340 and some of these rivets contain more than one material that can actually come 124 00:03:22,340 --> 00:03:22,350 than one material that can actually come 125 00:03:22,350 --> 00:03:26,330 than one material that can actually come up with a hybrid rivet and use a softer 126 00:03:26,330 --> 00:03:26,340 up with a hybrid rivet and use a softer 127 00:03:26,340 --> 00:03:30,830 up with a hybrid rivet and use a softer material for the shop head so that you 128 00:03:30,830 --> 00:03:30,840 material for the shop head so that you 129 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:32,539 material for the shop head so that you can buck the thing in place and still 130 00:03:32,539 --> 00:03:32,549 can buck the thing in place and still 131 00:03:32,549 --> 00:03:36,680 can buck the thing in place and still have a stronger shank 132 00:03:36,680 --> 00:03:36,690 133 00:03:36,690 --> 00:03:39,320 here is a list of the common ones of 134 00:03:39,320 --> 00:03:39,330 here is a list of the common ones of 135 00:03:39,330 --> 00:03:41,540 here is a list of the common ones of course the the aircraft industry uses a 136 00:03:41,540 --> 00:03:41,550 course the the aircraft industry uses a 137 00:03:41,550 --> 00:03:45,220 course the the aircraft industry uses a lot of the abs and DD is which are the 138 00:03:45,220 --> 00:03:45,230 lot of the abs and DD is which are the 139 00:03:45,230 --> 00:03:49,400 lot of the abs and DD is which are the ms-20 four to six and two oh four seven 140 00:03:49,400 --> 00:03:49,410 ms-20 four to six and two oh four seven 141 00:03:49,410 --> 00:03:53,810 ms-20 four to six and two oh four seven ho the the ADEs are used normally up to 142 00:03:53,810 --> 00:03:53,820 ho the the ADEs are used normally up to 143 00:03:53,820 --> 00:03:58,820 ho the the ADEs are used normally up to a 5/32 diameter and they can be readily 144 00:03:58,820 --> 00:03:58,830 a 5/32 diameter and they can be readily 145 00:03:58,830 --> 00:04:04,330 a 5/32 diameter and they can be readily formed at room temperature the the d DS 146 00:04:04,330 --> 00:04:04,340 formed at room temperature the the d DS 147 00:04:04,340 --> 00:04:07,670 formed at room temperature the the d DS there if they're made out of 2024 they 148 00:04:07,670 --> 00:04:07,680 there if they're made out of 2024 they 149 00:04:07,680 --> 00:04:10,210 there if they're made out of 2024 they have to be kept in an icebox until 150 00:04:10,210 --> 00:04:10,220 have to be kept in an icebox until 151 00:04:10,220 --> 00:04:13,550 have to be kept in an icebox until you're ready to install them because you 152 00:04:13,550 --> 00:04:13,560 you're ready to install them because you 153 00:04:13,560 --> 00:04:15,110 you're ready to install them because you can only cold work them when they're 154 00:04:15,110 --> 00:04:15,120 can only cold work them when they're 155 00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:16,760 can only cold work them when they're down around zero degrees without 156 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:16,770 down around zero degrees without 157 00:04:16,770 --> 00:04:19,490 down around zero degrees without cracking them eleven hundred aluminum 158 00:04:19,490 --> 00:04:19,500 cracking them eleven hundred aluminum 159 00:04:19,500 --> 00:04:21,740 cracking them eleven hundred aluminum that's usually non structural a fifty 160 00:04:21,740 --> 00:04:21,750 that's usually non structural a fifty 161 00:04:21,750 --> 00:04:24,230 that's usually non structural a fifty fifty six is a special one in this 162 00:04:24,230 --> 00:04:24,240 fifty six is a special one in this 163 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:28,640 fifty six is a special one in this respect they're still used some people 164 00:04:28,640 --> 00:04:28,650 respect they're still used some people 165 00:04:28,650 --> 00:04:32,060 respect they're still used some people are not aware I don't think that they 166 00:04:32,060 --> 00:04:32,070 are not aware I don't think that they 167 00:04:32,070 --> 00:04:34,910 are not aware I don't think that they are stress corrosion sensitive and they 168 00:04:34,910 --> 00:04:34,920 are stress corrosion sensitive and they 169 00:04:34,920 --> 00:04:36,860 are stress corrosion sensitive and they really should not be used in anything 170 00:04:36,860 --> 00:04:36,870 really should not be used in anything 171 00:04:36,870 --> 00:04:41,140 really should not be used in anything other than a magnesium joint where 172 00:04:41,140 --> 00:04:41,150 other than a magnesium joint where 173 00:04:41,150 --> 00:04:44,720 other than a magnesium joint where magnesium is more stress corrosion 174 00:04:44,720 --> 00:04:44,730 magnesium is more stress corrosion 175 00:04:44,730 --> 00:04:47,870 magnesium is more stress corrosion sensitive than the 50:56 so therefore 176 00:04:47,870 --> 00:04:47,880 sensitive than the 50:56 so therefore 177 00:04:47,880 --> 00:04:51,920 sensitive than the 50:56 so therefore the 50:56 will work out better we had a 178 00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:51,930 the 50:56 will work out better we had a 179 00:04:51,930 --> 00:04:54,320 the 50:56 will work out better we had a case on the Atlas vehicle with fifty 180 00:04:54,320 --> 00:04:54,330 case on the Atlas vehicle with fifty 181 00:04:54,330 --> 00:04:56,780 case on the Atlas vehicle with fifty fifty six rivets in which the heads were 182 00:04:56,780 --> 00:04:56,790 fifty six rivets in which the heads were 183 00:04:56,790 --> 00:04:58,460 fifty six rivets in which the heads were popping off with the things that on the 184 00:04:58,460 --> 00:04:58,470 popping off with the things that on the 185 00:04:58,470 --> 00:05:02,420 popping off with the things that on the pad but from stress corrosion so they 186 00:05:02,420 --> 00:05:02,430 pad but from stress corrosion so they 187 00:05:02,430 --> 00:05:06,220 pad but from stress corrosion so they should not be used in most applications 188 00:05:06,220 --> 00:05:06,230 should not be used in most applications 189 00:05:06,230 --> 00:05:12,140 should not be used in most applications now which is a 67 percent nickel and 190 00:05:12,140 --> 00:05:12,150 now which is a 67 percent nickel and 191 00:05:12,150 --> 00:05:15,380 now which is a 67 percent nickel and thirty percent copper material is used a 192 00:05:15,380 --> 00:05:15,390 thirty percent copper material is used a 193 00:05:15,390 --> 00:05:17,540 thirty percent copper material is used a lot for rivets because it is ductile and 194 00:05:17,540 --> 00:05:17,550 lot for rivets because it is ductile and 195 00:05:17,550 --> 00:05:21,200 lot for rivets because it is ductile and yet it is higher strength than aluminum 196 00:05:21,200 --> 00:05:21,210 yet it is higher strength than aluminum 197 00:05:21,210 --> 00:05:23,330 yet it is higher strength than aluminum and it's used for joining us stainless 198 00:05:23,330 --> 00:05:23,340 and it's used for joining us stainless 199 00:05:23,340 --> 00:05:26,630 and it's used for joining us stainless steels titanium and canals copper is 200 00:05:26,630 --> 00:05:26,640 steels titanium and canals copper is 201 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:28,060 steels titanium and canals copper is usually used for non structural 202 00:05:28,060 --> 00:05:28,070 usually used for non structural 203 00:05:28,070 --> 00:05:33,590 usually used for non structural applications the 70 50 T 73 that's the 204 00:05:33,590 --> 00:05:33,600 applications the 70 50 T 73 that's the 205 00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:35,090 applications the 70 50 T 73 that's the one that is not sensitive to stress 206 00:05:35,090 --> 00:05:35,100 one that is not sensitive to stress 207 00:05:35,100 --> 00:05:39,950 one that is not sensitive to stress corrosion is used it can be installed at 208 00:05:39,950 --> 00:05:39,960 corrosion is used it can be installed at 209 00:05:39,960 --> 00:05:41,840 corrosion is used it can be installed at room temperature and it's used as an 210 00:05:41,840 --> 00:05:41,850 room temperature and it's used as an 211 00:05:41,850 --> 00:05:47,690 room temperature and it's used as an alternate to the 2024 ice box rivet it 212 00:05:47,690 --> 00:05:47,700 alternate to the 2024 ice box rivet it 213 00:05:47,700 --> 00:05:50,070 alternate to the 2024 ice box rivet it has almost as good as strength as 214 00:05:50,070 --> 00:05:50,080 has almost as good as strength as 215 00:05:50,080 --> 00:05:52,409 has almost as good as strength as the 2024 and yet you don't have to worry 216 00:05:52,409 --> 00:05:52,419 the 2024 and yet you don't have to worry 217 00:05:52,419 --> 00:05:54,140 the 2024 and yet you don't have to worry about carrying them around in an icebox 218 00:05:54,140 --> 00:05:54,150 about carrying them around in an icebox 219 00:05:54,150 --> 00:06:12,110 about carrying them around in an icebox yes okay sorry about that 220 00:06:12,110 --> 00:06:12,120 221 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:16,589 Jimmy go ahead all right we move on then 222 00:06:16,589 --> 00:06:16,599 Jimmy go ahead all right we move on then 223 00:06:16,599 --> 00:06:19,619 Jimmy go ahead all right we move on then now that we got the microphone hooked up 224 00:06:19,619 --> 00:06:19,629 now that we got the microphone hooked up 225 00:06:19,629 --> 00:06:23,490 now that we got the microphone hooked up properly we will move on to the head 226 00:06:23,490 --> 00:06:23,500 properly we will move on to the head 227 00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:26,010 properly we will move on to the head types of Ribbit's now here are some of 228 00:06:26,010 --> 00:06:26,020 types of Ribbit's now here are some of 229 00:06:26,020 --> 00:06:28,800 types of Ribbit's now here are some of the common head types that are used this 230 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:28,810 the common head types that are used this 231 00:06:28,810 --> 00:06:30,540 the common head types that are used this is not to say that somebody else can 232 00:06:30,540 --> 00:06:30,550 is not to say that somebody else can 233 00:06:30,550 --> 00:06:33,180 is not to say that somebody else can have a one of their own because one of 234 00:06:33,180 --> 00:06:33,190 have a one of their own because one of 235 00:06:33,190 --> 00:06:35,159 have a one of their own because one of the things that you find as different 236 00:06:35,159 --> 00:06:35,169 the things that you find as different 237 00:06:35,169 --> 00:06:39,290 the things that you find as different manufacturers have their own ideas on 238 00:06:39,290 --> 00:06:39,300 manufacturers have their own ideas on 239 00:06:39,300 --> 00:06:44,070 manufacturers have their own ideas on how to manufacture fasteners and so it 240 00:06:44,070 --> 00:06:44,080 how to manufacture fasteners and so it 241 00:06:44,080 --> 00:06:48,649 how to manufacture fasteners and so it is hard to get total standardization 242 00:06:48,649 --> 00:06:48,659 243 00:06:48,659 --> 00:06:52,619 here is the the common ones of course or 244 00:06:52,619 --> 00:06:52,629 here is the the common ones of course or 245 00:06:52,629 --> 00:06:55,439 here is the the common ones of course or the countersunk or flesh head are and 246 00:06:55,439 --> 00:06:55,449 the countersunk or flesh head are and 247 00:06:55,449 --> 00:06:58,529 the countersunk or flesh head are and here is the flat that is used a lot now 248 00:06:58,529 --> 00:06:58,539 here is the flat that is used a lot now 249 00:06:58,539 --> 00:07:02,790 here is the flat that is used a lot now of course if on the planes that the jet 250 00:07:02,790 --> 00:07:02,800 of course if on the planes that the jet 251 00:07:02,800 --> 00:07:04,860 of course if on the planes that the jet planes normally have to have the flight 252 00:07:04,860 --> 00:07:04,870 planes normally have to have the flight 253 00:07:04,870 --> 00:07:07,980 planes normally have to have the flight ribbits some of the older ones I know we 254 00:07:07,980 --> 00:07:07,990 ribbits some of the older ones I know we 255 00:07:07,990 --> 00:07:10,740 ribbits some of the older ones I know we have a an old twin otter here I believe 256 00:07:10,740 --> 00:07:10,750 have a an old twin otter here I believe 257 00:07:10,750 --> 00:07:14,159 have a an old twin otter here I believe that has the button head or flat head 258 00:07:14,159 --> 00:07:14,169 that has the button head or flat head 259 00:07:14,169 --> 00:07:16,709 that has the button head or flat head rivets on it because it doesn't fly fast 260 00:07:16,709 --> 00:07:16,719 rivets on it because it doesn't fly fast 261 00:07:16,719 --> 00:07:19,260 rivets on it because it doesn't fly fast enough to for the Greg to be that much 262 00:07:19,260 --> 00:07:19,270 enough to for the Greg to be that much 263 00:07:19,270 --> 00:07:21,860 enough to for the Greg to be that much of a problem with the protruding rivets 264 00:07:21,860 --> 00:07:21,870 of a problem with the protruding rivets 265 00:07:21,870 --> 00:07:25,980 of a problem with the protruding rivets moving on to the solid rivets which are 266 00:07:25,980 --> 00:07:25,990 moving on to the solid rivets which are 267 00:07:25,990 --> 00:07:29,879 moving on to the solid rivets which are the ones usually used on skin 268 00:07:29,879 --> 00:07:29,889 the ones usually used on skin 269 00:07:29,889 --> 00:07:35,149 the ones usually used on skin construction on airplanes they're a 270 00:07:35,149 --> 00:07:35,159 construction on airplanes they're a 271 00:07:35,159 --> 00:07:38,760 construction on airplanes they're a little bit different from some of the 272 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:38,770 little bit different from some of the 273 00:07:38,770 --> 00:07:42,200 little bit different from some of the others so we'll cover them separately 274 00:07:42,200 --> 00:07:42,210 others so we'll cover them separately 275 00:07:42,210 --> 00:07:45,959 others so we'll cover them separately here are the ones for construction and 276 00:07:45,959 --> 00:07:45,969 here are the ones for construction and 277 00:07:45,969 --> 00:07:50,939 here are the ones for construction and and that is almost a thing of the past 278 00:07:50,939 --> 00:07:50,949 and that is almost a thing of the past 279 00:07:50,949 --> 00:07:53,790 and that is almost a thing of the past using construction construction rivets 280 00:07:53,790 --> 00:07:53,800 using construction construction rivets 281 00:07:53,800 --> 00:07:57,180 using construction construction rivets because welding has pretty much replaced 282 00:07:57,180 --> 00:07:57,190 because welding has pretty much replaced 283 00:07:57,190 --> 00:07:59,420 because welding has pretty much replaced riveting in the construction industry 284 00:07:59,420 --> 00:07:59,430 riveting in the construction industry 285 00:07:59,430 --> 00:08:03,930 riveting in the construction industry but anyway for the construction type 286 00:08:03,930 --> 00:08:03,940 but anyway for the construction type 287 00:08:03,940 --> 00:08:05,640 but anyway for the construction type but they're usually larger diameters 288 00:08:05,640 --> 00:08:05,650 but they're usually larger diameters 289 00:08:05,650 --> 00:08:08,220 but they're usually larger diameters 5/16 through two inches and are made of 290 00:08:08,220 --> 00:08:08,230 5/16 through two inches and are made of 291 00:08:08,230 --> 00:08:10,770 5/16 through two inches and are made of steel and they can't be installed coals 292 00:08:10,770 --> 00:08:10,780 steel and they can't be installed coals 293 00:08:10,780 --> 00:08:13,560 steel and they can't be installed coals so they have to be preheated about 1,800 294 00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:13,570 so they have to be preheated about 1,800 295 00:08:13,570 --> 00:08:18,510 so they have to be preheated about 1,800 degrees now in the past all the bridges 296 00:08:18,510 --> 00:08:18,520 degrees now in the past all the bridges 297 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:23,610 degrees now in the past all the bridges that you saw had riveted lattice bars on 298 00:08:23,610 --> 00:08:23,620 that you saw had riveted lattice bars on 299 00:08:23,620 --> 00:08:26,790 that you saw had riveted lattice bars on them in the old days you used four 300 00:08:26,790 --> 00:08:26,800 them in the old days you used four 301 00:08:26,800 --> 00:08:30,810 them in the old days you used four angles and lattice bars to make your 302 00:08:30,810 --> 00:08:30,820 angles and lattice bars to make your 303 00:08:30,820 --> 00:08:33,990 angles and lattice bars to make your main trust members for a through tres 304 00:08:33,990 --> 00:08:34,000 main trust members for a through tres 305 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:38,480 main trust members for a through tres tape bridge and the portal bracing on 306 00:08:38,480 --> 00:08:38,490 tape bridge and the portal bracing on 307 00:08:38,490 --> 00:08:41,149 tape bridge and the portal bracing on across the top that's the part that 308 00:08:41,149 --> 00:08:41,159 across the top that's the part that 309 00:08:41,159 --> 00:08:45,180 across the top that's the part that holds the two trusses together as a unit 310 00:08:45,180 --> 00:08:45,190 holds the two trusses together as a unit 311 00:08:45,190 --> 00:08:50,190 holds the two trusses together as a unit was also riveted but on the newer 312 00:08:50,190 --> 00:08:50,200 was also riveted but on the newer 313 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:52,800 was also riveted but on the newer designs they use welded girders for that 314 00:08:52,800 --> 00:08:52,810 designs they use welded girders for that 315 00:08:52,810 --> 00:08:56,300 designs they use welded girders for that so riveting is pretty much going out 316 00:08:56,300 --> 00:08:56,310 so riveting is pretty much going out 317 00:08:56,310 --> 00:09:01,140 so riveting is pretty much going out with the times because of the labor cost 318 00:09:01,140 --> 00:09:01,150 with the times because of the labor cost 319 00:09:01,150 --> 00:09:03,240 with the times because of the labor cost now if you're interested in construction 320 00:09:03,240 --> 00:09:03,250 now if you're interested in construction 321 00:09:03,250 --> 00:09:06,300 now if you're interested in construction rivets they're still in ASTM spec ASTM a 322 00:09:06,300 --> 00:09:06,310 rivets they're still in ASTM spec ASTM a 323 00:09:06,310 --> 00:09:12,090 rivets they're still in ASTM spec ASTM a 502 covers construction rivets now for 324 00:09:12,090 --> 00:09:12,100 502 covers construction rivets now for 325 00:09:12,100 --> 00:09:14,340 502 covers construction rivets now for aerospace usage of course you're talking 326 00:09:14,340 --> 00:09:14,350 aerospace usage of course you're talking 327 00:09:14,350 --> 00:09:17,660 aerospace usage of course you're talking about small diameters here like 1/8 328 00:09:17,660 --> 00:09:17,670 about small diameters here like 1/8 329 00:09:17,670 --> 00:09:22,890 about small diameters here like 1/8 through a quarter of an inch and if you 330 00:09:22,890 --> 00:09:22,900 through a quarter of an inch and if you 331 00:09:22,900 --> 00:09:25,950 through a quarter of an inch and if you remember on the drawings where you have 332 00:09:25,950 --> 00:09:25,960 remember on the drawings where you have 333 00:09:25,960 --> 00:09:29,070 remember on the drawings where you have the ad like an ad 5 or something like 334 00:09:29,070 --> 00:09:29,080 the ad like an ad 5 or something like 335 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:32,070 the ad like an ad 5 or something like that called out with the little little X 336 00:09:32,070 --> 00:09:32,080 that called out with the little little X 337 00:09:32,080 --> 00:09:33,780 that called out with the little little X it has the ad on the left-hand corner 338 00:09:33,780 --> 00:09:33,790 it has the ad on the left-hand corner 339 00:09:33,790 --> 00:09:36,120 it has the ad on the left-hand corner and a 5 on the right-hand corner that is 340 00:09:36,120 --> 00:09:36,130 and a 5 on the right-hand corner that is 341 00:09:36,130 --> 00:09:42,570 and a 5 on the right-hand corner that is a 5/32 ribbon and so a big gribbit in 342 00:09:42,570 --> 00:09:42,580 a 5/32 ribbon and so a big gribbit in 343 00:09:42,580 --> 00:09:47,700 a 5/32 ribbon and so a big gribbit in the aerospace industry is 3/16 or 1/4 344 00:09:47,700 --> 00:09:47,710 the aerospace industry is 3/16 or 1/4 345 00:09:47,710 --> 00:09:52,950 the aerospace industry is 3/16 or 1/4 you just use millions of them so and of 346 00:09:52,950 --> 00:09:52,960 you just use millions of them so and of 347 00:09:52,960 --> 00:09:54,510 you just use millions of them so and of course I had mentioned previously the 348 00:09:54,510 --> 00:09:54,520 course I had mentioned previously the 349 00:09:54,520 --> 00:09:59,400 course I had mentioned previously the 2020 44 ice box rivet and so since you 350 00:09:59,400 --> 00:09:59,410 2020 44 ice box rivet and so since you 351 00:09:59,410 --> 00:10:03,840 2020 44 ice box rivet and so since you have to have both sides of a rivet 352 00:10:03,840 --> 00:10:03,850 have to have both sides of a rivet 353 00:10:03,850 --> 00:10:06,240 have to have both sides of a rivet accessible sometimes you run into 354 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:06,250 accessible sometimes you run into 355 00:10:06,250 --> 00:10:07,950 accessible sometimes you run into problems trying to use solid rivets 356 00:10:07,950 --> 00:10:07,960 problems trying to use solid rivets 357 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:10,320 problems trying to use solid rivets because you have to have a bucking bar 358 00:10:10,320 --> 00:10:10,330 because you have to have a bucking bar 359 00:10:10,330 --> 00:10:12,750 because you have to have a bucking bar on the manufactured head of the rivet 360 00:10:12,750 --> 00:10:12,760 on the manufactured head of the rivet 361 00:10:12,760 --> 00:10:15,540 on the manufactured head of the rivet and a pneumatic hammer on the other end 362 00:10:15,540 --> 00:10:15,550 and a pneumatic hammer on the other end 363 00:10:15,550 --> 00:10:20,369 and a pneumatic hammer on the other end in order to form a head 364 00:10:20,369 --> 00:10:20,379 365 00:10:20,379 --> 00:10:23,199 so that brings up the subject of blind 366 00:10:23,199 --> 00:10:23,209 so that brings up the subject of blind 367 00:10:23,209 --> 00:10:26,019 so that brings up the subject of blind rivets blind rivets get their name from 368 00:10:26,019 --> 00:10:26,029 rivets blind rivets get their name from 369 00:10:26,029 --> 00:10:27,729 rivets blind rivets get their name from the fact that they can be installed from 370 00:10:27,729 --> 00:10:27,739 the fact that they can be installed from 371 00:10:27,739 --> 00:10:31,030 the fact that they can be installed from one side and in a lot of cases that's 372 00:10:31,030 --> 00:10:31,040 one side and in a lot of cases that's 373 00:10:31,040 --> 00:10:34,299 one side and in a lot of cases that's the only thing you can can install so 374 00:10:34,299 --> 00:10:34,309 the only thing you can can install so 375 00:10:34,309 --> 00:10:37,030 the only thing you can can install so they have this the following advantages 376 00:10:37,030 --> 00:10:37,040 they have this the following advantages 377 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:39,789 they have this the following advantages over solid rivets there is only one 378 00:10:39,789 --> 00:10:39,799 over solid rivets there is only one 379 00:10:39,799 --> 00:10:43,329 over solid rivets there is only one Operator required the installation tool 380 00:10:43,329 --> 00:10:43,339 Operator required the installation tool 381 00:10:43,339 --> 00:10:45,910 Operator required the installation tool is portable it's comparable to an 382 00:10:45,910 --> 00:10:45,920 is portable it's comparable to an 383 00:10:45,920 --> 00:10:48,579 is portable it's comparable to an electric drill and size and you only 384 00:10:48,579 --> 00:10:48,589 electric drill and size and you only 385 00:10:48,589 --> 00:10:51,100 electric drill and size and you only need one one side available for the 386 00:10:51,100 --> 00:10:51,110 need one one side available for the 387 00:10:51,110 --> 00:10:55,689 need one one side available for the workpiece and you can use a variable 388 00:10:55,689 --> 00:10:55,699 workpiece and you can use a variable 389 00:10:55,699 --> 00:10:58,569 workpiece and you can use a variable grip length with a lot of them you can 390 00:10:58,569 --> 00:10:58,579 grip length with a lot of them you can 391 00:10:58,579 --> 00:11:01,509 grip length with a lot of them you can whereas with the solid rivets the grip 392 00:11:01,509 --> 00:11:01,519 whereas with the solid rivets the grip 393 00:11:01,519 --> 00:11:05,859 whereas with the solid rivets the grip length is very critical on them in order 394 00:11:05,859 --> 00:11:05,869 length is very critical on them in order 395 00:11:05,869 --> 00:11:07,900 length is very critical on them in order to head them you you can't go too long 396 00:11:07,900 --> 00:11:07,910 to head them you you can't go too long 397 00:11:07,910 --> 00:11:10,179 to head them you you can't go too long or too short that's the part the grip 398 00:11:10,179 --> 00:11:10,189 or too short that's the part the grip 399 00:11:10,189 --> 00:11:15,150 or too short that's the part the grip length is the part between sheets so 400 00:11:15,150 --> 00:11:15,160 length is the part between sheets so 401 00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:18,009 length is the part between sheets so with the blind rivet they're more 402 00:11:18,009 --> 00:11:18,019 with the blind rivet they're more 403 00:11:18,019 --> 00:11:20,769 with the blind rivet they're more adaptable the amount of pull that you 404 00:11:20,769 --> 00:11:20,779 adaptable the amount of pull that you 405 00:11:20,779 --> 00:11:23,919 adaptable the amount of pull that you put on them you can have some variation 406 00:11:23,919 --> 00:11:23,929 put on them you can have some variation 407 00:11:23,929 --> 00:11:30,220 put on them you can have some variation in the length of the shank itself the 408 00:11:30,220 --> 00:11:30,230 in the length of the shank itself the 409 00:11:30,230 --> 00:11:32,379 in the length of the shank itself the installation time is lot faster than for 410 00:11:32,379 --> 00:11:32,389 installation time is lot faster than for 411 00:11:32,389 --> 00:11:35,350 installation time is lot faster than for solid rivets the clamping force is more 412 00:11:35,350 --> 00:11:35,360 solid rivets the clamping force is more 413 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:37,809 solid rivets the clamping force is more uniform because you're pulling it with a 414 00:11:37,809 --> 00:11:37,819 uniform because you're pulling it with a 415 00:11:37,819 --> 00:11:40,780 uniform because you're pulling it with a machine rather than two people looking 416 00:11:40,780 --> 00:11:40,790 machine rather than two people looking 417 00:11:40,790 --> 00:11:43,470 machine rather than two people looking at it and saying okay this is enough and 418 00:11:43,470 --> 00:11:43,480 at it and saying okay this is enough and 419 00:11:43,480 --> 00:11:47,109 at it and saying okay this is enough and you need less operator training OSHA 420 00:11:47,109 --> 00:11:47,119 you need less operator training OSHA 421 00:11:47,119 --> 00:11:48,489 you need less operator training OSHA likes them better because they don't 422 00:11:48,489 --> 00:11:48,499 likes them better because they don't 423 00:11:48,499 --> 00:11:54,119 likes them better because they don't make as much noise now getting into 424 00:11:54,119 --> 00:11:54,129 make as much noise now getting into 425 00:11:54,129 --> 00:11:57,249 make as much noise now getting into specific blind rivets here is one call 426 00:11:57,249 --> 00:11:57,259 specific blind rivets here is one call 427 00:11:57,259 --> 00:12:00,609 specific blind rivets here is one call it's a pole mandrel type operation and 428 00:12:00,609 --> 00:12:00,619 it's a pole mandrel type operation and 429 00:12:00,619 --> 00:12:03,489 it's a pole mandrel type operation and you just simply shove it in the hole 430 00:12:03,489 --> 00:12:03,499 you just simply shove it in the hole 431 00:12:03,499 --> 00:12:06,759 you just simply shove it in the hole from from the one side you have a 432 00:12:06,759 --> 00:12:06,769 from from the one side you have a 433 00:12:06,769 --> 00:12:10,210 from from the one side you have a serrated stem that you clamp on to with 434 00:12:10,210 --> 00:12:10,220 serrated stem that you clamp on to with 435 00:12:10,220 --> 00:12:13,269 serrated stem that you clamp on to with one part of the gun and the other the 436 00:12:13,269 --> 00:12:13,279 one part of the gun and the other the 437 00:12:13,279 --> 00:12:15,460 one part of the gun and the other the head of it pushes against here to hold 438 00:12:15,460 --> 00:12:15,470 head of it pushes against here to hold 439 00:12:15,470 --> 00:12:17,049 head of it pushes against here to hold it in place and then you just simply 440 00:12:17,049 --> 00:12:17,059 it in place and then you just simply 441 00:12:17,059 --> 00:12:19,569 it in place and then you just simply pull the stem through when the proper 442 00:12:19,569 --> 00:12:19,579 pull the stem through when the proper 443 00:12:19,579 --> 00:12:23,919 pull the stem through when the proper load is reached the stem is notched so 444 00:12:23,919 --> 00:12:23,929 load is reached the stem is notched so 445 00:12:23,929 --> 00:12:27,460 load is reached the stem is notched so that it breaks off leaving you a fairly 446 00:12:27,460 --> 00:12:27,470 that it breaks off leaving you a fairly 447 00:12:27,470 --> 00:12:32,660 that it breaks off leaving you a fairly flush head 448 00:12:32,660 --> 00:12:32,670 449 00:12:32,670 --> 00:12:36,570 now on a threaded stem rivet you have 450 00:12:36,570 --> 00:12:36,580 now on a threaded stem rivet you have 451 00:12:36,580 --> 00:12:39,240 now on a threaded stem rivet you have pretty much the same thing except that 452 00:12:39,240 --> 00:12:39,250 pretty much the same thing except that 453 00:12:39,250 --> 00:12:43,410 pretty much the same thing except that your stem is threaded and you thread it 454 00:12:43,410 --> 00:12:43,420 your stem is threaded and you thread it 455 00:12:43,420 --> 00:12:47,250 your stem is threaded and you thread it through and we have one of those and a 456 00:12:47,250 --> 00:12:47,260 through and we have one of those and a 457 00:12:47,260 --> 00:12:51,030 through and we have one of those and a couple of them in Figure 48 here are two 458 00:12:51,030 --> 00:12:51,040 couple of them in Figure 48 here are two 459 00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:57,180 couple of them in Figure 48 here are two different types that you're actually 460 00:12:57,180 --> 00:12:57,190 different types that you're actually 461 00:12:57,190 --> 00:13:00,030 different types that you're actually threading it through and you see the the 462 00:13:00,030 --> 00:13:00,040 threading it through and you see the the 463 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:03,480 threading it through and you see the the the goal on this is to pull it up tight 464 00:13:03,480 --> 00:13:03,490 the goal on this is to pull it up tight 465 00:13:03,490 --> 00:13:08,130 the goal on this is to pull it up tight and form a shop head on this side by 466 00:13:08,130 --> 00:13:08,140 and form a shop head on this side by 467 00:13:08,140 --> 00:13:12,240 and form a shop head on this side by expanding the tubular type body of the 468 00:13:12,240 --> 00:13:12,250 expanding the tubular type body of the 469 00:13:12,250 --> 00:13:16,200 expanding the tubular type body of the rivet on in this case you are pulling 470 00:13:16,200 --> 00:13:16,210 rivet on in this case you are pulling 471 00:13:16,210 --> 00:13:19,680 rivet on in this case you are pulling the thing up by compressing here by 472 00:13:19,680 --> 00:13:19,690 the thing up by compressing here by 473 00:13:19,690 --> 00:13:21,840 the thing up by compressing here by pulling through by threading and you're 474 00:13:21,840 --> 00:13:21,850 pulling through by threading and you're 475 00:13:21,850 --> 00:13:28,260 pulling through by threading and you're holding the hex there here is a drive 476 00:13:28,260 --> 00:13:28,270 holding the hex there here is a drive 477 00:13:28,270 --> 00:13:31,950 holding the hex there here is a drive pin ribbit these are not used in the 478 00:13:31,950 --> 00:13:31,960 pin ribbit these are not used in the 479 00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:34,380 pin ribbit these are not used in the aerospace world or in the industrial 480 00:13:34,380 --> 00:13:34,390 aerospace world or in the industrial 481 00:13:34,390 --> 00:13:36,360 aerospace world or in the industrial world they're simple to install but 482 00:13:36,360 --> 00:13:36,370 world they're simple to install but 483 00:13:36,370 --> 00:13:38,760 world they're simple to install but you're not sure just how they're turning 484 00:13:38,760 --> 00:13:38,770 you're not sure just how they're turning 485 00:13:38,770 --> 00:13:42,150 you're not sure just how they're turning out because all you do is get them and 486 00:13:42,150 --> 00:13:42,160 out because all you do is get them and 487 00:13:42,160 --> 00:13:44,130 out because all you do is get them and stick them in a hole and take a hammer 488 00:13:44,130 --> 00:13:44,140 stick them in a hole and take a hammer 489 00:13:44,140 --> 00:13:46,260 stick them in a hole and take a hammer and pound that in and it expands it out 490 00:13:46,260 --> 00:13:46,270 and pound that in and it expands it out 491 00:13:46,270 --> 00:13:48,660 and pound that in and it expands it out on this side to form a head and if 492 00:13:48,660 --> 00:13:48,670 on this side to form a head and if 493 00:13:48,670 --> 00:13:49,680 on this side to form a head and if you're wanting to hold a couple pieces 494 00:13:49,680 --> 00:13:49,690 you're wanting to hold a couple pieces 495 00:13:49,690 --> 00:13:51,450 you're wanting to hold a couple pieces of sheet metal together in your shop 496 00:13:51,450 --> 00:13:51,460 of sheet metal together in your shop 497 00:13:51,460 --> 00:13:55,020 of sheet metal together in your shop that's fine but you don't trust them 498 00:13:55,020 --> 00:13:55,030 that's fine but you don't trust them 499 00:13:55,030 --> 00:13:58,250 that's fine but you don't trust them that far with the airplane installations 500 00:13:58,250 --> 00:13:58,260 that far with the airplane installations 501 00:13:58,260 --> 00:14:01,110 that far with the airplane installations here's another type of industrial rivet 502 00:14:01,110 --> 00:14:01,120 here's another type of industrial rivet 503 00:14:01,120 --> 00:14:04,560 here's another type of industrial rivet a full tubular rivet and which you're 504 00:14:04,560 --> 00:14:04,570 a full tubular rivet and which you're 505 00:14:04,570 --> 00:14:08,280 a full tubular rivet and which you're actually this has a hole in it you poke 506 00:14:08,280 --> 00:14:08,290 actually this has a hole in it you poke 507 00:14:08,290 --> 00:14:13,050 actually this has a hole in it you poke it through and pound it and flare this 508 00:14:13,050 --> 00:14:13,060 it through and pound it and flare this 509 00:14:13,060 --> 00:14:15,950 it through and pound it and flare this end out and form a head on that side 510 00:14:15,950 --> 00:14:15,960 end out and form a head on that side 511 00:14:15,960 --> 00:14:19,800 end out and form a head on that side it's a weaker rivet than some of the 512 00:14:19,800 --> 00:14:19,810 it's a weaker rivet than some of the 513 00:14:19,810 --> 00:14:21,150 it's a weaker rivet than some of the others because you see the wall 514 00:14:21,150 --> 00:14:21,160 others because you see the wall 515 00:14:21,160 --> 00:14:23,340 others because you see the wall thickness right in there is not not that 516 00:14:23,340 --> 00:14:23,350 thickness right in there is not not that 517 00:14:23,350 --> 00:14:30,060 thickness right in there is not not that much the semi tubular rivet is pretty 518 00:14:30,060 --> 00:14:30,070 much the semi tubular rivet is pretty 519 00:14:30,070 --> 00:14:32,190 much the semi tubular rivet is pretty much the same thing except the hole is 520 00:14:32,190 --> 00:14:32,200 much the same thing except the hole is 521 00:14:32,200 --> 00:14:34,110 much the same thing except the hole is not drilled in as far so you get more 522 00:14:34,110 --> 00:14:34,120 not drilled in as far so you get more 523 00:14:34,120 --> 00:14:37,950 not drilled in as far so you get more solid shank in the hole which makes it a 524 00:14:37,950 --> 00:14:37,960 solid shank in the hole which makes it a 525 00:14:37,960 --> 00:14:40,020 solid shank in the hole which makes it a little bit better now with all of these 526 00:14:40,020 --> 00:14:40,030 little bit better now with all of these 527 00:14:40,030 --> 00:14:42,180 little bit better now with all of these one of the things you have to keep in 528 00:14:42,180 --> 00:14:42,190 one of the things you have to keep in 529 00:14:42,190 --> 00:14:43,620 one of the things you have to keep in mind is they have to be done 530 00:14:43,620 --> 00:14:43,630 mind is they have to be done 531 00:14:43,630 --> 00:14:48,629 mind is they have to be done pull so ductility goes up strength goes 532 00:14:48,629 --> 00:14:48,639 pull so ductility goes up strength goes 533 00:14:48,639 --> 00:14:51,960 pull so ductility goes up strength goes down so this this rivet is not a very 534 00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:51,970 down so this this rivet is not a very 535 00:14:51,970 --> 00:14:54,059 down so this this rivet is not a very strong rivet because if you made it very 536 00:14:54,059 --> 00:14:54,069 strong rivet because if you made it very 537 00:14:54,069 --> 00:14:56,189 strong rivet because if you made it very strong then it would crack when you form 538 00:14:56,189 --> 00:14:56,199 strong then it would crack when you form 539 00:14:56,199 --> 00:15:00,420 strong then it would crack when you form the head on it the the metal piercing 540 00:15:00,420 --> 00:15:00,430 the head on it the the metal piercing 541 00:15:00,430 --> 00:15:04,530 the head on it the the metal piercing rivet is you actually grab it into the 542 00:15:04,530 --> 00:15:04,540 rivet is you actually grab it into the 543 00:15:04,540 --> 00:15:09,540 rivet is you actually grab it into the second sheet and so so that one flares 544 00:15:09,540 --> 00:15:09,550 second sheet and so so that one flares 545 00:15:09,550 --> 00:15:12,269 second sheet and so so that one flares out and creates a head like this on up 546 00:15:12,269 --> 00:15:12,279 out and creates a head like this on up 547 00:15:12,279 --> 00:15:16,100 out and creates a head like this on up when you drive it through the sheet and 548 00:15:16,100 --> 00:15:16,110 549 00:15:16,110 --> 00:15:19,559 this one is okay for sheet metal 550 00:15:19,559 --> 00:15:19,569 this one is okay for sheet metal 551 00:15:19,569 --> 00:15:21,720 this one is okay for sheet metal installations that type of thing but it 552 00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:21,730 installations that type of thing but it 553 00:15:21,730 --> 00:15:25,019 installations that type of thing but it is not considered a structural type 554 00:15:25,019 --> 00:15:25,029 is not considered a structural type 555 00:15:25,029 --> 00:15:31,370 is not considered a structural type rivet either and here's here's one that 556 00:15:31,370 --> 00:15:31,380 rivet either and here's here's one that 557 00:15:31,380 --> 00:15:34,410 rivet either and here's here's one that goes back aways these have been around a 558 00:15:34,410 --> 00:15:34,420 goes back aways these have been around a 559 00:15:34,420 --> 00:15:37,559 goes back aways these have been around a long time the old farmers use these to 560 00:15:37,559 --> 00:15:37,569 long time the old farmers use these to 561 00:15:37,569 --> 00:15:39,509 long time the old farmers use these to repair harness and things of this nature 562 00:15:39,509 --> 00:15:39,519 repair harness and things of this nature 563 00:15:39,519 --> 00:15:42,650 repair harness and things of this nature this is the split copper rivet and 564 00:15:42,650 --> 00:15:42,660 this is the split copper rivet and 565 00:15:42,660 --> 00:15:45,090 this is the split copper rivet and although I couldn't find a picture of 566 00:15:45,090 --> 00:15:45,100 although I couldn't find a picture of 567 00:15:45,100 --> 00:15:47,639 although I couldn't find a picture of the holder there's a little wire holder 568 00:15:47,639 --> 00:15:47,649 the holder there's a little wire holder 569 00:15:47,649 --> 00:15:49,110 the holder there's a little wire holder that you put these in so that you don't 570 00:15:49,110 --> 00:15:49,120 that you put these in so that you don't 571 00:15:49,120 --> 00:15:51,660 that you put these in so that you don't pound your hands with them and all you 572 00:15:51,660 --> 00:15:51,670 pound your hands with them and all you 573 00:15:51,670 --> 00:15:54,300 pound your hands with them and all you do is lay the two pieces of leather down 574 00:15:54,300 --> 00:15:54,310 do is lay the two pieces of leather down 575 00:15:54,310 --> 00:15:57,269 do is lay the two pieces of leather down and these things are fairly sharp on the 576 00:15:57,269 --> 00:15:57,279 and these things are fairly sharp on the 577 00:15:57,279 --> 00:15:59,100 and these things are fairly sharp on the points and take a hammer and pound the 578 00:15:59,100 --> 00:15:59,110 points and take a hammer and pound the 579 00:15:59,110 --> 00:16:01,319 points and take a hammer and pound the thing through the leather and once you 580 00:16:01,319 --> 00:16:01,329 thing through the leather and once you 581 00:16:01,329 --> 00:16:04,319 thing through the leather and once you get it through then you get it spread 582 00:16:04,319 --> 00:16:04,329 get it through then you get it spread 583 00:16:04,329 --> 00:16:06,210 get it through then you get it spread here and go ahead and pound a little 584 00:16:06,210 --> 00:16:06,220 here and go ahead and pound a little 585 00:16:06,220 --> 00:16:08,160 here and go ahead and pound a little more and you clinch it and it holds 586 00:16:08,160 --> 00:16:08,170 more and you clinch it and it holds 587 00:16:08,170 --> 00:16:11,550 more and you clinch it and it holds quite well on harness straps things of 588 00:16:11,550 --> 00:16:11,560 quite well on harness straps things of 589 00:16:11,560 --> 00:16:15,660 quite well on harness straps things of that nature now here is everybody's 590 00:16:15,660 --> 00:16:15,670 that nature now here is everybody's 591 00:16:15,670 --> 00:16:20,300 that nature now here is everybody's favorite for home use the pop rivet and 592 00:16:20,300 --> 00:16:20,310 favorite for home use the pop rivet and 593 00:16:20,310 --> 00:16:23,129 favorite for home use the pop rivet and just to satisfy the people from Black 594 00:16:23,129 --> 00:16:23,139 just to satisfy the people from Black 595 00:16:23,139 --> 00:16:24,840 just to satisfy the people from Black and Decker who wrote a nasty letter 596 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:24,850 and Decker who wrote a nasty letter 597 00:16:24,850 --> 00:16:26,509 and Decker who wrote a nasty letter about the fact that I hadn't changed 598 00:16:26,509 --> 00:16:26,519 about the fact that I hadn't changed 599 00:16:26,519 --> 00:16:29,819 about the fact that I hadn't changed their name over to the association with 600 00:16:29,819 --> 00:16:29,829 their name over to the association with 601 00:16:29,829 --> 00:16:31,650 their name over to the association with this because it used to be United shoe 602 00:16:31,650 --> 00:16:31,660 this because it used to be United shoe 603 00:16:31,660 --> 00:16:35,819 this because it used to be United shoe that owned the company pop rivets our 604 00:16:35,819 --> 00:16:35,829 that owned the company pop rivets our 605 00:16:35,829 --> 00:16:39,410 that owned the company pop rivets our blind rivets used for home repairs and 606 00:16:39,410 --> 00:16:39,420 blind rivets used for home repairs and 607 00:16:39,420 --> 00:16:43,319 blind rivets used for home repairs and we mentioned earlier about the repairing 608 00:16:43,319 --> 00:16:43,329 we mentioned earlier about the repairing 609 00:16:43,329 --> 00:16:45,629 we mentioned earlier about the repairing fenders of cars with duct tape that that 610 00:16:45,629 --> 00:16:45,639 fenders of cars with duct tape that that 611 00:16:45,639 --> 00:16:48,179 fenders of cars with duct tape that that was a non structural type repair pop 612 00:16:48,179 --> 00:16:48,189 was a non structural type repair pop 613 00:16:48,189 --> 00:16:50,970 was a non structural type repair pop rivets worked better because they have a 614 00:16:50,970 --> 00:16:50,980 rivets worked better because they have a 615 00:16:50,980 --> 00:16:53,819 rivets worked better because they have a nail type stem which is gripped by a 616 00:16:53,819 --> 00:16:53,829 nail type stem which is gripped by a 617 00:16:53,829 --> 00:16:56,970 nail type stem which is gripped by a handheld gun and you drill a hole 618 00:16:56,970 --> 00:16:56,980 handheld gun and you drill a hole 619 00:16:56,980 --> 00:16:59,340 handheld gun and you drill a hole thing in pull it through with the stem 620 00:16:59,340 --> 00:16:59,350 thing in pull it through with the stem 621 00:16:59,350 --> 00:17:02,250 thing in pull it through with the stem then the stem breaks off sometimes it 622 00:17:02,250 --> 00:17:02,260 then the stem breaks off sometimes it 623 00:17:02,260 --> 00:17:05,309 then the stem breaks off sometimes it falls out all together and then you put 624 00:17:05,309 --> 00:17:05,319 falls out all together and then you put 625 00:17:05,319 --> 00:17:06,900 falls out all together and then you put bondo over these to keep them from 626 00:17:06,900 --> 00:17:06,910 bondo over these to keep them from 627 00:17:06,910 --> 00:17:08,760 bondo over these to keep them from rusting and sand them down and you got a 628 00:17:08,760 --> 00:17:08,770 rusting and sand them down and you got a 629 00:17:08,770 --> 00:17:11,400 rusting and sand them down and you got a good repair job but they're they're not 630 00:17:11,400 --> 00:17:11,410 good repair job but they're they're not 631 00:17:11,410 --> 00:17:14,159 good repair job but they're they're not a structural type that you would use on 632 00:17:14,159 --> 00:17:14,169 a structural type that you would use on 633 00:17:14,169 --> 00:17:16,799 a structural type that you would use on an airplane here's an example of the 634 00:17:16,799 --> 00:17:16,809 an airplane here's an example of the 635 00:17:16,809 --> 00:17:18,720 an airplane here's an example of the installation of a pop rivet where you 636 00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:18,730 installation of a pop rivet where you 637 00:17:18,730 --> 00:17:20,429 installation of a pop rivet where you start out by poking the thing through 638 00:17:20,429 --> 00:17:20,439 start out by poking the thing through 639 00:17:20,439 --> 00:17:23,250 start out by poking the thing through and this is bulb back here and so you 640 00:17:23,250 --> 00:17:23,260 and this is bulb back here and so you 641 00:17:23,260 --> 00:17:25,650 and this is bulb back here and so you pull it through and expand it back here 642 00:17:25,650 --> 00:17:25,660 pull it through and expand it back here 643 00:17:25,660 --> 00:17:30,990 pull it through and expand it back here and you have yourself a decent rivet to 644 00:17:30,990 --> 00:17:31,000 and you have yourself a decent rivet to 645 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:32,430 and you have yourself a decent rivet to hold a couple of pieces of sheet metal 646 00:17:32,430 --> 00:17:32,440 hold a couple of pieces of sheet metal 647 00:17:32,440 --> 00:17:35,610 hold a couple of pieces of sheet metal together one of the things with these 648 00:17:35,610 --> 00:17:35,620 together one of the things with these 649 00:17:35,620 --> 00:17:37,380 together one of the things with these that you've got to watch about though if 650 00:17:37,380 --> 00:17:37,390 that you've got to watch about though if 651 00:17:37,390 --> 00:17:42,000 that you've got to watch about though if you are repairing aluminum gutters or 652 00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:42,010 you are repairing aluminum gutters or 653 00:17:42,010 --> 00:17:44,010 you are repairing aluminum gutters or something that nature make sure that you 654 00:17:44,010 --> 00:17:44,020 something that nature make sure that you 655 00:17:44,020 --> 00:17:46,590 something that nature make sure that you use the aluminum rivets rather than the 656 00:17:46,590 --> 00:17:46,600 use the aluminum rivets rather than the 657 00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:48,060 use the aluminum rivets rather than the steel because then you get into the 658 00:17:48,060 --> 00:17:48,070 steel because then you get into the 659 00:17:48,070 --> 00:17:49,799 steel because then you get into the galvanic corrosion problem and I 660 00:17:49,799 --> 00:17:49,809 galvanic corrosion problem and I 661 00:17:49,809 --> 00:17:52,049 galvanic corrosion problem and I mentioned earlier you use steel rivets 662 00:17:52,049 --> 00:17:52,059 mentioned earlier you use steel rivets 663 00:17:52,059 --> 00:17:53,970 mentioned earlier you use steel rivets there rest up like crazy in the aluminum 664 00:17:53,970 --> 00:17:53,980 there rest up like crazy in the aluminum 665 00:17:53,980 --> 00:17:57,870 there rest up like crazy in the aluminum because of the galvanic corrosion so and 666 00:17:57,870 --> 00:17:57,880 because of the galvanic corrosion so and 667 00:17:57,880 --> 00:18:00,120 because of the galvanic corrosion so and they do make aluminum pop rivets that 668 00:18:00,120 --> 00:18:00,130 they do make aluminum pop rivets that 669 00:18:00,130 --> 00:18:02,700 they do make aluminum pop rivets that you can use on aluminum and the others 670 00:18:02,700 --> 00:18:02,710 you can use on aluminum and the others 671 00:18:02,710 --> 00:18:08,270 you can use on aluminum and the others for steel now here's one that is a used 672 00:18:08,270 --> 00:18:08,280 for steel now here's one that is a used 673 00:18:08,280 --> 00:18:12,510 for steel now here's one that is a used some in the I believe in the aerospace 674 00:18:12,510 --> 00:18:12,520 some in the I believe in the aerospace 675 00:18:12,520 --> 00:18:16,049 some in the I believe in the aerospace world for secondary type structures it's 676 00:18:16,049 --> 00:18:16,059 world for secondary type structures it's 677 00:18:16,059 --> 00:18:18,690 world for secondary type structures it's a rib nut made as far as I know it's 678 00:18:18,690 --> 00:18:18,700 a rib nut made as far as I know it's 679 00:18:18,700 --> 00:18:20,100 a rib nut made as far as I know it's still made the BF Goodrich 680 00:18:20,100 --> 00:18:20,110 still made the BF Goodrich 681 00:18:20,110 --> 00:18:23,310 still made the BF Goodrich it's a tubular rivet with internal 682 00:18:23,310 --> 00:18:23,320 it's a tubular rivet with internal 683 00:18:23,320 --> 00:18:25,680 it's a tubular rivet with internal threads and you deform it in place to 684 00:18:25,680 --> 00:18:25,690 threads and you deform it in place to 685 00:18:25,690 --> 00:18:29,730 threads and you deform it in place to kind of form a nut plate and if you look 686 00:18:29,730 --> 00:18:29,740 kind of form a nut plate and if you look 687 00:18:29,740 --> 00:18:33,419 kind of form a nut plate and if you look at the next picture of one I think it 688 00:18:33,419 --> 00:18:33,429 at the next picture of one I think it 689 00:18:33,429 --> 00:18:36,810 at the next picture of one I think it will show how you do it see it's it's 690 00:18:36,810 --> 00:18:36,820 will show how you do it see it's it's 691 00:18:36,820 --> 00:18:43,460 will show how you do it see it's it's actually a a bolt if you will with a 692 00:18:43,460 --> 00:18:43,470 actually a a bolt if you will with a 693 00:18:43,470 --> 00:18:46,710 actually a a bolt if you will with a threaded piece here you stick the thing 694 00:18:46,710 --> 00:18:46,720 threaded piece here you stick the thing 695 00:18:46,720 --> 00:18:49,760 threaded piece here you stick the thing through a hole then you hold it up here 696 00:18:49,760 --> 00:18:49,770 through a hole then you hold it up here 697 00:18:49,770 --> 00:18:54,270 through a hole then you hold it up here while you twist the threaded part of it 698 00:18:54,270 --> 00:18:54,280 while you twist the threaded part of it 699 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:57,650 while you twist the threaded part of it and actually pull this up and deform it 700 00:18:57,650 --> 00:18:57,660 and actually pull this up and deform it 701 00:18:57,660 --> 00:19:05,180 and actually pull this up and deform it to where you get a installed nut plate 702 00:19:05,180 --> 00:19:05,190 to where you get a installed nut plate 703 00:19:05,190 --> 00:19:08,130 to where you get a installed nut plate which then you can use to install 704 00:19:08,130 --> 00:19:08,140 which then you can use to install 705 00:19:08,140 --> 00:19:09,720 which then you can use to install fasteners in 706 00:19:09,720 --> 00:19:09,730 fasteners in 707 00:19:09,730 --> 00:19:13,320 fasteners in and those have been around for several 708 00:19:13,320 --> 00:19:13,330 and those have been around for several 709 00:19:13,330 --> 00:19:17,520 and those have been around for several years and we haven't used them around 710 00:19:17,520 --> 00:19:17,530 years and we haven't used them around 711 00:19:17,530 --> 00:19:20,010 years and we haven't used them around here but they are used some by people in 712 00:19:20,010 --> 00:19:20,020 here but they are used some by people in 713 00:19:20,020 --> 00:19:21,480 here but they are used some by people in the industrial and I believe on 714 00:19:21,480 --> 00:19:21,490 the industrial and I believe on 715 00:19:21,490 --> 00:19:28,290 the industrial and I believe on secondary aerospace structures okay for 716 00:19:28,290 --> 00:19:28,300 secondary aerospace structures okay for 717 00:19:28,300 --> 00:19:36,150 secondary aerospace structures okay for the now for the the ad and DD rivets we 718 00:19:36,150 --> 00:19:36,160 the now for the the ad and DD rivets we 719 00:19:36,160 --> 00:19:38,100 the now for the the ad and DD rivets we mentioned those earlier the fact that 720 00:19:38,100 --> 00:19:38,110 mentioned those earlier the fact that 721 00:19:38,110 --> 00:19:40,140 mentioned those earlier the fact that those are the most common ones the most 722 00:19:40,140 --> 00:19:40,150 those are the most common ones the most 723 00:19:40,150 --> 00:19:43,650 those are the most common ones the most preferred ones and one of the things 724 00:19:43,650 --> 00:19:43,660 preferred ones and one of the things 725 00:19:43,660 --> 00:19:46,740 preferred ones and one of the things that I wanted to point out on this that 726 00:19:46,740 --> 00:19:46,750 that I wanted to point out on this that 727 00:19:46,750 --> 00:19:48,270 that I wanted to point out on this that was called to my attention by one of the 728 00:19:48,270 --> 00:19:48,280 was called to my attention by one of the 729 00:19:48,280 --> 00:19:54,240 was called to my attention by one of the guys from Lockheed Martin is that they 730 00:19:54,240 --> 00:19:54,250 guys from Lockheed Martin is that they 731 00:19:54,250 --> 00:19:58,260 guys from Lockheed Martin is that they had had some problems on using rivets 732 00:19:58,260 --> 00:19:58,270 had had some problems on using rivets 733 00:19:58,270 --> 00:20:01,350 had had some problems on using rivets that were not exactly the same material 734 00:20:01,350 --> 00:20:01,360 that were not exactly the same material 735 00:20:01,360 --> 00:20:07,040 that were not exactly the same material as the skin because when you think of it 736 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:07,050 as the skin because when you think of it 737 00:20:07,050 --> 00:20:11,100 as the skin because when you think of it at 45,000 feet you have about minus 738 00:20:11,100 --> 00:20:11,110 at 45,000 feet you have about minus 739 00:20:11,110 --> 00:20:15,480 at 45,000 feet you have about minus sixty-five temperature and on the runway 740 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:15,490 sixty-five temperature and on the runway 741 00:20:15,490 --> 00:20:18,270 sixty-five temperature and on the runway out in Phoenix you have about a hundred 742 00:20:18,270 --> 00:20:18,280 out in Phoenix you have about a hundred 743 00:20:18,280 --> 00:20:22,530 out in Phoenix you have about a hundred and forty degrees on the skin so you 744 00:20:22,530 --> 00:20:22,540 and forty degrees on the skin so you 745 00:20:22,540 --> 00:20:26,990 and forty degrees on the skin so you need to have rivets and skin that are 746 00:20:26,990 --> 00:20:27,000 need to have rivets and skin that are 747 00:20:27,000 --> 00:20:32,700 need to have rivets and skin that are very close metallurgically in order to 748 00:20:32,700 --> 00:20:32,710 very close metallurgically in order to 749 00:20:32,710 --> 00:20:36,600 very close metallurgically in order to prevent differential thermal loads and 750 00:20:36,600 --> 00:20:36,610 prevent differential thermal loads and 751 00:20:36,610 --> 00:20:38,340 prevent differential thermal loads and they had had some trouble and had to 752 00:20:38,340 --> 00:20:38,350 they had had some trouble and had to 753 00:20:38,350 --> 00:20:41,820 they had had some trouble and had to change to fasteners that were exactly 754 00:20:41,820 --> 00:20:41,830 change to fasteners that were exactly 755 00:20:41,830 --> 00:20:44,430 change to fasteners that were exactly the same material as the skin in order 756 00:20:44,430 --> 00:20:44,440 the same material as the skin in order 757 00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:48,720 the same material as the skin in order to get away from that the and the ice 758 00:20:48,720 --> 00:20:48,730 to get away from that the and the ice 759 00:20:48,730 --> 00:20:52,170 to get away from that the and the ice box rivets I mentioned earlier are have 760 00:20:52,170 --> 00:20:52,180 box rivets I mentioned earlier are have 761 00:20:52,180 --> 00:20:54,150 box rivets I mentioned earlier are have to be installed at zero degrees which 762 00:20:54,150 --> 00:20:54,160 to be installed at zero degrees which 763 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:56,790 to be installed at zero degrees which makes them not very popular the other 764 00:20:56,790 --> 00:20:56,800 makes them not very popular the other 765 00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:58,860 makes them not very popular the other thing too you run into a problem with 766 00:20:58,860 --> 00:20:58,870 thing too you run into a problem with 767 00:20:58,870 --> 00:21:03,350 thing too you run into a problem with them if you don't use a batch of them 768 00:21:03,350 --> 00:21:03,360 them if you don't use a batch of them 769 00:21:03,360 --> 00:21:06,630 them if you don't use a batch of them you have to take them back if they've 770 00:21:06,630 --> 00:21:06,640 you have to take them back if they've 771 00:21:06,640 --> 00:21:08,370 you have to take them back if they've been exposed to room temperature for 772 00:21:08,370 --> 00:21:08,380 been exposed to room temperature for 773 00:21:08,380 --> 00:21:11,870 been exposed to room temperature for very long you have to take them back and 774 00:21:11,870 --> 00:21:11,880 very long you have to take them back and 775 00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:15,750 very long you have to take them back and reheat treat them before and then cool 776 00:21:15,750 --> 00:21:15,760 reheat treat them before and then cool 777 00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:17,610 reheat treat them before and then cool them down again before you can use them 778 00:21:17,610 --> 00:21:17,620 them down again before you can use them 779 00:21:17,620 --> 00:21:20,340 them down again before you can use them so sometimes they've had trouble with 780 00:21:20,340 --> 00:21:20,350 so sometimes they've had trouble with 781 00:21:20,350 --> 00:21:22,140 so sometimes they've had trouble with people short cutting things and oh well 782 00:21:22,140 --> 00:21:22,150 people short cutting things and oh well 783 00:21:22,150 --> 00:21:23,370 people short cutting things and oh well they weren't out that long 784 00:21:23,370 --> 00:21:23,380 they weren't out that long 785 00:21:23,380 --> 00:21:24,900 they weren't out that long so therefore we'll just go ahead and 786 00:21:24,900 --> 00:21:24,910 so therefore we'll just go ahead and 787 00:21:24,910 --> 00:21:26,520 so therefore we'll just go ahead and reuse them and then they get rid of 788 00:21:26,520 --> 00:21:26,530 reuse them and then they get rid of 789 00:21:26,530 --> 00:21:29,910 reuse them and then they get rid of cracking so so they're very hard to 790 00:21:29,910 --> 00:21:29,920 cracking so so they're very hard to 791 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:32,610 cracking so so they're very hard to control to make sure that you get a good 792 00:21:32,610 --> 00:21:32,620 control to make sure that you get a good 793 00:21:32,620 --> 00:21:33,990 control to make sure that you get a good heading operation on them 794 00:21:33,990 --> 00:21:34,000 heading operation on them 795 00:21:34,000 --> 00:21:37,050 heading operation on them the 50:56 I mentioned is stress 796 00:21:37,050 --> 00:21:37,060 the 50:56 I mentioned is stress 797 00:21:37,060 --> 00:21:38,760 the 50:56 I mentioned is stress corrosion sensitive and all materials 798 00:21:38,760 --> 00:21:38,770 corrosion sensitive and all materials 799 00:21:38,770 --> 00:21:42,660 corrosion sensitive and all materials except magnesium and now here's one of 800 00:21:42,660 --> 00:21:42,670 except magnesium and now here's one of 801 00:21:42,670 --> 00:21:45,930 except magnesium and now here's one of the things too that is very important 802 00:21:45,930 --> 00:21:45,940 the things too that is very important 803 00:21:45,940 --> 00:21:48,660 the things too that is very important solid rivets are expanded to an 804 00:21:48,660 --> 00:21:48,670 solid rivets are expanded to an 805 00:21:48,670 --> 00:21:51,240 solid rivets are expanded to an interference fit so they should not be 806 00:21:51,240 --> 00:21:51,250 interference fit so they should not be 807 00:21:51,250 --> 00:21:55,620 interference fit so they should not be used in composite materials because the 808 00:21:55,620 --> 00:21:55,630 used in composite materials because the 809 00:21:55,630 --> 00:21:58,590 used in composite materials because the the hoop tension in the hole in a 810 00:21:58,590 --> 00:21:58,600 the hoop tension in the hole in a 811 00:21:58,600 --> 00:22:00,020 the hoop tension in the hole in a composite material can cause 812 00:22:00,020 --> 00:22:00,030 composite material can cause 813 00:22:00,030 --> 00:22:03,300 composite material can cause delamination of the material surfaces so 814 00:22:03,300 --> 00:22:03,310 delamination of the material surfaces so 815 00:22:03,310 --> 00:22:07,800 delamination of the material surfaces so you should use a tight fit but non 816 00:22:07,800 --> 00:22:07,810 you should use a tight fit but non 817 00:22:07,810 --> 00:22:10,440 you should use a tight fit but non expanding type rivet in composite 818 00:22:10,440 --> 00:22:10,450 expanding type rivet in composite 819 00:22:10,450 --> 00:22:19,590 expanding type rivet in composite materials I had mentioned Mennella 820 00:22:19,590 --> 00:22:19,600 materials I had mentioned Mennella 821 00:22:19,600 --> 00:22:21,870 materials I had mentioned Mennella rivets earlier 822 00:22:21,870 --> 00:22:21,880 rivets earlier 823 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:24,540 rivets earlier manal of course is 67 percent nickel and 824 00:22:24,540 --> 00:22:24,550 manal of course is 67 percent nickel and 825 00:22:24,550 --> 00:22:28,440 manal of course is 67 percent nickel and 30% copper it is stronger has a shear 826 00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:28,450 30% copper it is stronger has a shear 827 00:22:28,450 --> 00:22:30,540 30% copper it is stronger has a shear element of 49 ksi and more heat 828 00:22:30,540 --> 00:22:30,550 element of 49 ksi and more heat 829 00:22:30,550 --> 00:22:32,760 element of 49 ksi and more heat resistant than aluminum and yet it's 830 00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:32,770 resistant than aluminum and yet it's 831 00:22:32,770 --> 00:22:35,610 resistant than aluminum and yet it's ductile enough to cold form without 832 00:22:35,610 --> 00:22:35,620 ductile enough to cold form without 833 00:22:35,620 --> 00:22:38,250 ductile enough to cold form without cracking and they're used for joining a 834 00:22:38,250 --> 00:22:38,260 cracking and they're used for joining a 835 00:22:38,260 --> 00:22:40,530 cracking and they're used for joining a stainless steel titanium and in canals 836 00:22:40,530 --> 00:22:40,540 stainless steel titanium and in canals 837 00:22:40,540 --> 00:22:42,930 stainless steel titanium and in canals but it shouldn't be used for joining the 838 00:22:42,930 --> 00:22:42,940 but it shouldn't be used for joining the 839 00:22:42,940 --> 00:22:45,240 but it shouldn't be used for joining the aluminum because it is way down in the 840 00:22:45,240 --> 00:22:45,250 aluminum because it is way down in the 841 00:22:45,250 --> 00:22:49,440 aluminum because it is way down in the galvanic series compared to aluminum and 842 00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:49,450 galvanic series compared to aluminum and 843 00:22:49,450 --> 00:22:51,540 galvanic series compared to aluminum and it also of course would have different 844 00:22:51,540 --> 00:22:51,550 it also of course would have different 845 00:22:51,550 --> 00:22:54,330 it also of course would have different thermal expansion properties the 846 00:22:54,330 --> 00:22:54,340 thermal expansion properties the 847 00:22:54,340 --> 00:22:56,820 thermal expansion properties the titanium columbium rivets this is a 848 00:22:56,820 --> 00:22:56,830 titanium columbium rivets this is a 849 00:22:56,830 --> 00:23:01,200 titanium columbium rivets this is a hybrid one that is there well they 850 00:23:01,200 --> 00:23:01,210 hybrid one that is there well they 851 00:23:01,210 --> 00:23:03,570 hybrid one that is there well they actually have have two types there's one 852 00:23:03,570 --> 00:23:03,580 actually have have two types there's one 853 00:23:03,580 --> 00:23:07,290 actually have have two types there's one that they actually join two pieces 854 00:23:07,290 --> 00:23:07,300 that they actually join two pieces 855 00:23:07,300 --> 00:23:09,870 that they actually join two pieces together I guess and this one is just 856 00:23:09,870 --> 00:23:09,880 together I guess and this one is just 857 00:23:09,880 --> 00:23:12,500 together I guess and this one is just the the one that is part columbium and 858 00:23:12,500 --> 00:23:12,510 the the one that is part columbium and 859 00:23:12,510 --> 00:23:15,930 the the one that is part columbium and they have a shear strength of 50 ksi but 860 00:23:15,930 --> 00:23:15,940 they have a shear strength of 50 ksi but 861 00:23:15,940 --> 00:23:17,760 they have a shear strength of 50 ksi but they can be formed room temperature and 862 00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:17,770 they can be formed room temperature and 863 00:23:17,770 --> 00:23:20,270 they can be formed room temperature and they're used for joining titanium and 864 00:23:20,270 --> 00:23:20,280 they're used for joining titanium and 865 00:23:20,280 --> 00:23:22,410 they're used for joining titanium and aluminum because they they have enough 866 00:23:22,410 --> 00:23:22,420 aluminum because they they have enough 867 00:23:22,420 --> 00:23:24,660 aluminum because they they have enough columbium in them to make them 868 00:23:24,660 --> 00:23:24,670 columbium in them to make them 869 00:23:24,670 --> 00:23:27,480 columbium in them to make them compatible with aluminum and they 870 00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:27,490 compatible with aluminum and they 871 00:23:27,490 --> 00:23:29,130 compatible with aluminum and they generally don't need to have the 872 00:23:29,130 --> 00:23:29,140 generally don't need to have the 873 00:23:29,140 --> 00:23:32,430 generally don't need to have the corrosion protection on them except for 874 00:23:32,430 --> 00:23:32,440 corrosion protection on them except for 875 00:23:32,440 --> 00:23:34,350 corrosion protection on them except for sealing in the hollow when you install 876 00:23:34,350 --> 00:23:34,360 sealing in the hollow when you install 877 00:23:34,360 --> 00:23:35,520 sealing in the hollow when you install the rivet 878 00:23:35,520 --> 00:23:35,530 the rivet 879 00:23:35,530 --> 00:23:41,460 the rivet now here is the table we showed earlier 880 00:23:41,460 --> 00:23:41,470 now here is the table we showed earlier 881 00:23:41,470 --> 00:23:44,520 now here is the table we showed earlier on this so I won't go through it again 882 00:23:44,520 --> 00:23:44,530 on this so I won't go through it again 883 00:23:44,530 --> 00:23:49,830 on this so I won't go through it again but just to let you know that these 884 00:23:49,830 --> 00:23:49,840 but just to let you know that these 885 00:23:49,840 --> 00:23:52,110 but just to let you know that these these two are the ones you concentrate 886 00:23:52,110 --> 00:23:52,120 these two are the ones you concentrate 887 00:23:52,120 --> 00:23:56,400 these two are the ones you concentrate the most on in the aircraft world now 888 00:23:56,400 --> 00:23:56,410 the most on in the aircraft world now 889 00:23:56,410 --> 00:23:57,900 the most on in the aircraft world now here here's the cherry buck ribbit 890 00:23:57,900 --> 00:23:57,910 here here's the cherry buck ribbit 891 00:23:57,910 --> 00:23:59,280 here here's the cherry buck ribbit that's the one I was thinking of it 892 00:23:59,280 --> 00:23:59,290 that's the one I was thinking of it 893 00:23:59,290 --> 00:24:04,920 that's the one I was thinking of it actually has a friction welded piece of 894 00:24:04,920 --> 00:24:04,930 actually has a friction welded piece of 895 00:24:04,930 --> 00:24:12,500 actually has a friction welded piece of soft titanium on it so that when you 896 00:24:12,500 --> 00:24:12,510 soft titanium on it so that when you 897 00:24:12,510 --> 00:24:17,460 soft titanium on it so that when you form it that most of the harder stuff is 898 00:24:17,460 --> 00:24:17,470 form it that most of the harder stuff is 899 00:24:17,470 --> 00:24:20,100 form it that most of the harder stuff is in the hole so you only have a little 900 00:24:20,100 --> 00:24:20,110 in the hole so you only have a little 901 00:24:20,110 --> 00:24:24,420 in the hole so you only have a little bit of the softer material in the hole 902 00:24:24,420 --> 00:24:24,430 bit of the softer material in the hole 903 00:24:24,430 --> 00:24:27,830 bit of the softer material in the hole so you get a higher overall strength 904 00:24:27,830 --> 00:24:27,840 so you get a higher overall strength 905 00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:30,600 so you get a higher overall strength because this one has a shear strength up 906 00:24:30,600 --> 00:24:30,610 because this one has a shear strength up 907 00:24:30,610 --> 00:24:34,490 because this one has a shear strength up to almost 95 ksi which is excellent and 908 00:24:34,490 --> 00:24:34,500 to almost 95 ksi which is excellent and 909 00:24:34,500 --> 00:24:38,310 to almost 95 ksi which is excellent and they can be used up to 600 degrees and 910 00:24:38,310 --> 00:24:38,320 they can be used up to 600 degrees and 911 00:24:38,320 --> 00:24:40,860 they can be used up to 600 degrees and they're available in both flesh and 912 00:24:40,860 --> 00:24:40,870 they're available in both flesh and 913 00:24:40,870 --> 00:24:48,150 they're available in both flesh and protruding heads now cherry rivets are a 914 00:24:48,150 --> 00:24:48,160 protruding heads now cherry rivets are a 915 00:24:48,160 --> 00:24:51,870 protruding heads now cherry rivets are a very popular one in fact they're almost 916 00:24:51,870 --> 00:24:51,880 very popular one in fact they're almost 917 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:54,660 very popular one in fact they're almost a generic although all fast and some of 918 00:24:54,660 --> 00:24:54,670 a generic although all fast and some of 919 00:24:54,670 --> 00:24:55,980 a generic although all fast and some of the others would not want me to say that 920 00:24:55,980 --> 00:24:55,990 the others would not want me to say that 921 00:24:55,990 --> 00:24:57,660 the others would not want me to say that about it since they make competing 922 00:24:57,660 --> 00:24:57,670 about it since they make competing 923 00:24:57,670 --> 00:25:02,880 about it since they make competing rivets but cherry rivet is a blind rivet 924 00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:02,890 rivets but cherry rivet is a blind rivet 925 00:25:02,890 --> 00:25:06,600 rivets but cherry rivet is a blind rivet with a locking collar and you have a 926 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:06,610 with a locking collar and you have a 927 00:25:06,610 --> 00:25:09,480 with a locking collar and you have a pull stem on it but it is a better 928 00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:09,490 pull stem on it but it is a better 929 00:25:09,490 --> 00:25:11,730 pull stem on it but it is a better structural rivet because they have 930 00:25:11,730 --> 00:25:11,740 structural rivet because they have 931 00:25:11,740 --> 00:25:15,780 structural rivet because they have better materials in it then then say a 932 00:25:15,780 --> 00:25:15,790 better materials in it then then say a 933 00:25:15,790 --> 00:25:19,260 better materials in it then then say a pop rivet would have they're also 934 00:25:19,260 --> 00:25:19,270 pop rivet would have they're also 935 00:25:19,270 --> 00:25:22,110 pop rivet would have they're also available in oversized diameters where 936 00:25:22,110 --> 00:25:22,120 available in oversized diameters where 937 00:25:22,120 --> 00:25:27,420 available in oversized diameters where if you have if you have to replace a 938 00:25:27,420 --> 00:25:27,430 if you have if you have to replace a 939 00:25:27,430 --> 00:25:29,370 if you have if you have to replace a rivet of course when you drill the hole 940 00:25:29,370 --> 00:25:29,380 rivet of course when you drill the hole 941 00:25:29,380 --> 00:25:31,620 rivet of course when you drill the hole drill the old rivet out then you have to 942 00:25:31,620 --> 00:25:31,630 drill the old rivet out then you have to 943 00:25:31,630 --> 00:25:34,260 drill the old rivet out then you have to ream the hole to get it prepared better 944 00:25:34,260 --> 00:25:34,270 ream the hole to get it prepared better 945 00:25:34,270 --> 00:25:36,570 ream the hole to get it prepared better and that takes enough material off of it 946 00:25:36,570 --> 00:25:36,580 and that takes enough material off of it 947 00:25:36,580 --> 00:25:38,870 and that takes enough material off of it that you can't get an interference fit 948 00:25:38,870 --> 00:25:38,880 that you can't get an interference fit 949 00:25:38,880 --> 00:25:42,450 that you can't get an interference fit so you have to use an oversized rivet so 950 00:25:42,450 --> 00:25:42,460 so you have to use an oversized rivet so 951 00:25:42,460 --> 00:25:45,780 so you have to use an oversized rivet so they make specific oversized rivets and 952 00:25:45,780 --> 00:25:45,790 they make specific oversized rivets and 953 00:25:45,790 --> 00:25:47,400 they make specific oversized rivets and given sizes I forget know how many 954 00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:47,410 given sizes I forget know how many 955 00:25:47,410 --> 00:25:48,509 given sizes I forget know how many thousands they are over 956 00:25:48,509 --> 00:25:48,519 thousands they are over 957 00:25:48,519 --> 00:25:52,229 thousands they are over sighs but they they will fit a reworked 958 00:25:52,229 --> 00:25:52,239 sighs but they they will fit a reworked 959 00:25:52,239 --> 00:25:54,959 sighs but they they will fit a reworked poll they have shear strengths 960 00:25:54,959 --> 00:25:54,969 poll they have shear strengths 961 00:25:54,969 --> 00:25:58,889 poll they have shear strengths comparable to the the ad solid aluminum 962 00:25:58,889 --> 00:25:58,899 comparable to the the ad solid aluminum 963 00:25:58,899 --> 00:26:02,789 comparable to the the ad solid aluminum rivets and they're used a lot on 964 00:26:02,789 --> 00:26:02,799 rivets and they're used a lot on 965 00:26:02,799 --> 00:26:05,039 rivets and they're used a lot on secondary structures but they're not 966 00:26:05,039 --> 00:26:05,049 secondary structures but they're not 967 00:26:05,049 --> 00:26:07,859 secondary structures but they're not used on primary structure you normally 968 00:26:07,859 --> 00:26:07,869 used on primary structure you normally 969 00:26:07,869 --> 00:26:10,859 used on primary structure you normally use the solid rivets on primary 970 00:26:10,859 --> 00:26:10,869 use the solid rivets on primary 971 00:26:10,869 --> 00:26:15,089 use the solid rivets on primary structure in an airplane now note that 972 00:26:15,089 --> 00:26:15,099 structure in an airplane now note that 973 00:26:15,099 --> 00:26:18,089 structure in an airplane now note that all of these blind rivets along with cut 974 00:26:18,089 --> 00:26:18,099 all of these blind rivets along with cut 975 00:26:18,099 --> 00:26:19,859 all of these blind rivets along with cut can all fast is restricted by the 976 00:26:19,859 --> 00:26:19,869 can all fast is restricted by the 977 00:26:19,869 --> 00:26:21,690 can all fast is restricted by the guidelines here's an EM aspect that 978 00:26:21,690 --> 00:26:21,700 guidelines here's an EM aspect that 979 00:26:21,700 --> 00:26:24,709 guidelines here's an EM aspect that tells you how you should use them and 980 00:26:24,709 --> 00:26:24,719 tells you how you should use them and 981 00:26:24,719 --> 00:26:27,060 tells you how you should use them and there's the statement also about the 982 00:26:27,060 --> 00:26:27,070 there's the statement also about the 983 00:26:27,070 --> 00:26:31,769 there's the statement also about the secondary structures versus primary here 984 00:26:31,769 --> 00:26:31,779 secondary structures versus primary here 985 00:26:31,779 --> 00:26:36,209 secondary structures versus primary here is the part of a installation in which 986 00:26:36,209 --> 00:26:36,219 is the part of a installation in which 987 00:26:36,219 --> 00:26:38,669 is the part of a installation in which you have the gun here that holds the 988 00:26:38,669 --> 00:26:38,679 you have the gun here that holds the 989 00:26:38,679 --> 00:26:40,589 you have the gun here that holds the head in place then you start the process 990 00:26:40,589 --> 00:26:40,599 head in place then you start the process 991 00:26:40,599 --> 00:26:43,049 head in place then you start the process of pulling the stand through to expand 992 00:26:43,049 --> 00:26:43,059 of pulling the stand through to expand 993 00:26:43,059 --> 00:26:47,609 of pulling the stand through to expand it if you go on to the next figure you 994 00:26:47,609 --> 00:26:47,619 it if you go on to the next figure you 995 00:26:47,619 --> 00:26:50,310 it if you go on to the next figure you have the completed installation there's 996 00:26:50,310 --> 00:26:50,320 have the completed installation there's 997 00:26:50,320 --> 00:26:52,560 have the completed installation there's a little locking collar this is the part 998 00:26:52,560 --> 00:26:52,570 a little locking collar this is the part 999 00:26:52,570 --> 00:26:55,349 a little locking collar this is the part that's shown in black tier that comes in 1000 00:26:55,349 --> 00:26:55,359 that's shown in black tier that comes in 1001 00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:58,229 that's shown in black tier that comes in and is pushed in around the shank after 1002 00:26:58,229 --> 00:26:58,239 and is pushed in around the shank after 1003 00:26:58,239 --> 00:27:00,869 and is pushed in around the shank after you have broken it off which gives you a 1004 00:27:00,869 --> 00:27:00,879 you have broken it off which gives you a 1005 00:27:00,879 --> 00:27:04,259 you have broken it off which gives you a good seal on it to make sure that the 1006 00:27:04,259 --> 00:27:04,269 good seal on it to make sure that the 1007 00:27:04,269 --> 00:27:12,829 good seal on it to make sure that the stem stays in place on it now here is a 1008 00:27:12,829 --> 00:27:12,839 stem stays in place on it now here is a 1009 00:27:12,839 --> 00:27:17,639 stem stays in place on it now here is a table of cherry rivet materials and 1010 00:27:17,639 --> 00:27:17,649 table of cherry rivet materials and 1011 00:27:17,649 --> 00:27:21,469 table of cherry rivet materials and notice that the the stem and the sleeve 1012 00:27:21,469 --> 00:27:21,479 notice that the the stem and the sleeve 1013 00:27:21,479 --> 00:27:24,989 notice that the the stem and the sleeve are not different materials because the 1014 00:27:24,989 --> 00:27:24,999 are not different materials because the 1015 00:27:24,999 --> 00:27:28,319 are not different materials because the stem has to be strong to pull through 1016 00:27:28,319 --> 00:27:28,329 stem has to be strong to pull through 1017 00:27:28,329 --> 00:27:30,690 stem has to be strong to pull through and deform the sleeve the sleeve has to 1018 00:27:30,690 --> 00:27:30,700 and deform the sleeve the sleeve has to 1019 00:27:30,700 --> 00:27:32,789 and deform the sleeve the sleeve has to be ductile enough to farm without 1020 00:27:32,789 --> 00:27:32,799 be ductile enough to farm without 1021 00:27:32,799 --> 00:27:36,029 be ductile enough to farm without cracking so you have so so the strength 1022 00:27:36,029 --> 00:27:36,039 cracking so you have so so the strength 1023 00:27:36,039 --> 00:27:38,159 cracking so you have so so the strength of the rivet is a combination of those 1024 00:27:38,159 --> 00:27:38,169 of the rivet is a combination of those 1025 00:27:38,169 --> 00:27:40,829 of the rivet is a combination of those two materials so like here if you have 1026 00:27:40,829 --> 00:27:40,839 two materials so like here if you have 1027 00:27:40,839 --> 00:27:43,409 two materials so like here if you have the 5055 a looming it with alloy steel 1028 00:27:43,409 --> 00:27:43,419 the 5055 a looming it with alloy steel 1029 00:27:43,419 --> 00:27:45,989 the 5055 a looming it with alloy steel minal with stainless steel and here's 1030 00:27:45,989 --> 00:27:45,999 minal with stainless steel and here's 1031 00:27:45,999 --> 00:27:49,680 minal with stainless steel and here's inconel 600 with an Inc and LX 750 pull 1032 00:27:49,680 --> 00:27:49,690 inconel 600 with an Inc and LX 750 pull 1033 00:27:49,690 --> 00:27:53,909 inconel 600 with an Inc and LX 750 pull stem on it and look at the you can kick 1034 00:27:53,909 --> 00:27:53,919 stem on it and look at the you can kick 1035 00:27:53,919 --> 00:27:57,680 stem on it and look at the you can kick the temperature way up by going to the 1036 00:27:57,680 --> 00:27:57,690 the temperature way up by going to the 1037 00:27:57,690 --> 00:28:04,690 the temperature way up by going to the temperature resistant nipple stainless 1038 00:28:04,690 --> 00:28:04,700 1039 00:28:04,700 --> 00:28:07,400 now Huck is also one of the big 1040 00:28:07,400 --> 00:28:07,410 now Huck is also one of the big 1041 00:28:07,410 --> 00:28:11,090 now Huck is also one of the big suppliers of rivets there's are similar 1042 00:28:11,090 --> 00:28:11,100 suppliers of rivets there's are similar 1043 00:28:11,100 --> 00:28:14,450 suppliers of rivets there's are similar to cherry in fact if you look in mill 1044 00:28:14,450 --> 00:28:14,460 to cherry in fact if you look in mill 1045 00:28:14,460 --> 00:28:17,990 to cherry in fact if you look in mill handbook five for rivet allowables there 1046 00:28:17,990 --> 00:28:18,000 handbook five for rivet allowables there 1047 00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:21,500 handbook five for rivet allowables there are a lot of men there and I know on in 1048 00:28:21,500 --> 00:28:21,510 are a lot of men there and I know on in 1049 00:28:21,510 --> 00:28:24,410 are a lot of men there and I know on in our fastener Task Group one of the 1050 00:28:24,410 --> 00:28:24,420 our fastener Task Group one of the 1051 00:28:24,420 --> 00:28:28,430 our fastener Task Group one of the things we have argued and fought over 1052 00:28:28,430 --> 00:28:28,440 things we have argued and fought over 1053 00:28:28,440 --> 00:28:30,650 things we have argued and fought over there is trying to come up with 1054 00:28:30,650 --> 00:28:30,660 there is trying to come up with 1055 00:28:30,660 --> 00:28:31,790 there is trying to come up with allowables 1056 00:28:31,790 --> 00:28:31,800 allowables 1057 00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:34,430 allowables that will include all of these 1058 00:28:34,430 --> 00:28:34,440 that will include all of these 1059 00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:38,570 that will include all of these manufacturers under one heading so that 1060 00:28:38,570 --> 00:28:38,580 manufacturers under one heading so that 1061 00:28:38,580 --> 00:28:40,400 manufacturers under one heading so that we won't have trouble with somebody 1062 00:28:40,400 --> 00:28:40,410 we won't have trouble with somebody 1063 00:28:40,410 --> 00:28:42,800 we won't have trouble with somebody saying hi and you're favoring our 1064 00:28:42,800 --> 00:28:42,810 saying hi and you're favoring our 1065 00:28:42,810 --> 00:28:46,100 saying hi and you're favoring our company versus company X and so on so 1066 00:28:46,100 --> 00:28:46,110 company versus company X and so on so 1067 00:28:46,110 --> 00:28:48,110 company versus company X and so on so you have to come up with a generic table 1068 00:28:48,110 --> 00:28:48,120 you have to come up with a generic table 1069 00:28:48,120 --> 00:28:50,570 you have to come up with a generic table to give allowables for this type of 1070 00:28:50,570 --> 00:28:50,580 to give allowables for this type of 1071 00:28:50,580 --> 00:28:53,360 to give allowables for this type of ribbon so that it uncover Huck and 1072 00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:53,370 ribbon so that it uncover Huck and 1073 00:28:53,370 --> 00:28:58,970 ribbon so that it uncover Huck and cherry and all fast now move on to the 1074 00:28:58,970 --> 00:28:58,980 cherry and all fast now move on to the 1075 00:28:58,980 --> 00:29:00,440 cherry and all fast now move on to the next figure and we'll look at a standard 1076 00:29:00,440 --> 00:29:00,450 next figure and we'll look at a standard 1077 00:29:00,450 --> 00:29:02,600 next figure and we'll look at a standard Huck gribbit to see this is this is 1078 00:29:02,600 --> 00:29:02,610 Huck gribbit to see this is this is 1079 00:29:02,610 --> 00:29:04,370 Huck gribbit to see this is this is pretty much similar the other one except 1080 00:29:04,370 --> 00:29:04,380 pretty much similar the other one except 1081 00:29:04,380 --> 00:29:07,040 pretty much similar the other one except and in this case you're compressing the 1082 00:29:07,040 --> 00:29:07,050 and in this case you're compressing the 1083 00:29:07,050 --> 00:29:10,100 and in this case you're compressing the sleeve a little bit this way but the the 1084 00:29:10,100 --> 00:29:10,110 sleeve a little bit this way but the the 1085 00:29:10,110 --> 00:29:12,500 sleeve a little bit this way but the the principle is still the same you have a 1086 00:29:12,500 --> 00:29:12,510 principle is still the same you have a 1087 00:29:12,510 --> 00:29:16,400 principle is still the same you have a locking collar you have a serrated pin 1088 00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:16,410 locking collar you have a serrated pin 1089 00:29:16,410 --> 00:29:18,590 locking collar you have a serrated pin that you pull through and then when 1090 00:29:18,590 --> 00:29:18,600 that you pull through and then when 1091 00:29:18,600 --> 00:29:20,270 that you pull through and then when after you pulled it through it's not 1092 00:29:20,270 --> 00:29:20,280 after you pulled it through it's not 1093 00:29:20,280 --> 00:29:23,270 after you pulled it through it's not chair so that it breaks off and you have 1094 00:29:23,270 --> 00:29:23,280 chair so that it breaks off and you have 1095 00:29:23,280 --> 00:29:25,310 chair so that it breaks off and you have the complete completed rivet 1096 00:29:25,310 --> 00:29:25,320 the complete completed rivet 1097 00:29:25,320 --> 00:29:31,630 the complete completed rivet installation 1098 00:29:31,630 --> 00:29:31,640 1099 00:29:31,640 --> 00:29:36,260 now the here is a Huck Clint rivet which 1100 00:29:36,260 --> 00:29:36,270 now the here is a Huck Clint rivet which 1101 00:29:36,270 --> 00:29:38,320 now the here is a Huck Clint rivet which is a little bit different it has a 1102 00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:38,330 is a little bit different it has a 1103 00:29:38,330 --> 00:29:43,810 is a little bit different it has a separate sleeve here that compresses 1104 00:29:43,810 --> 00:29:43,820 separate sleeve here that compresses 1105 00:29:43,820 --> 00:29:46,340 separate sleeve here that compresses inside when you pull the thing through 1106 00:29:46,340 --> 00:29:46,350 inside when you pull the thing through 1107 00:29:46,350 --> 00:29:49,460 inside when you pull the thing through and kind of gives you a seal on it that 1108 00:29:49,460 --> 00:29:49,470 and kind of gives you a seal on it that 1109 00:29:49,470 --> 00:29:52,130 and kind of gives you a seal on it that one I'm not sure how widely used it is 1110 00:29:52,130 --> 00:29:52,140 one I'm not sure how widely used it is 1111 00:29:52,140 --> 00:29:54,769 one I'm not sure how widely used it is by the aerospace companies I did not get 1112 00:29:54,769 --> 00:29:54,779 by the aerospace companies I did not get 1113 00:29:54,779 --> 00:29:56,899 by the aerospace companies I did not get a benchmark on it from any of the 1114 00:29:56,899 --> 00:29:56,909 a benchmark on it from any of the 1115 00:29:56,909 --> 00:30:01,130 a benchmark on it from any of the companies prior to this course now all 1116 00:30:01,130 --> 00:30:01,140 companies prior to this course now all 1117 00:30:01,140 --> 00:30:04,760 companies prior to this course now all fast makes several types both solid and 1118 00:30:04,760 --> 00:30:04,770 fast makes several types both solid and 1119 00:30:04,770 --> 00:30:11,690 fast makes several types both solid and blind and their wire draw rivet has a 1120 00:30:11,690 --> 00:30:11,700 blind and their wire draw rivet has a 1121 00:30:11,700 --> 00:30:16,760 blind and their wire draw rivet has a tapered stem bulb and so that it expands 1122 00:30:16,760 --> 00:30:16,770 tapered stem bulb and so that it expands 1123 00:30:16,770 --> 00:30:19,850 tapered stem bulb and so that it expands the tubular body which is a little bit 1124 00:30:19,850 --> 00:30:19,860 the tubular body which is a little bit 1125 00:30:19,860 --> 00:30:23,389 the tubular body which is a little bit different than the the regular cherry 1126 00:30:23,389 --> 00:30:23,399 different than the the regular cherry 1127 00:30:23,399 --> 00:30:27,919 different than the the regular cherry and Huck so you see this one I guess it 1128 00:30:27,919 --> 00:30:27,929 and Huck so you see this one I guess it 1129 00:30:27,929 --> 00:30:31,480 and Huck so you see this one I guess it shows up better over here this is 1130 00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:31,490 shows up better over here this is 1131 00:30:31,490 --> 00:30:35,720 shows up better over here this is actually tapered so that it it pulls 1132 00:30:35,720 --> 00:30:35,730 actually tapered so that it it pulls 1133 00:30:35,730 --> 00:30:38,389 actually tapered so that it it pulls through and keeps expanding as the 1134 00:30:38,389 --> 00:30:38,399 through and keeps expanding as the 1135 00:30:38,399 --> 00:30:40,669 through and keeps expanding as the poster whereas the other one was a solid 1136 00:30:40,669 --> 00:30:40,679 poster whereas the other one was a solid 1137 00:30:40,679 --> 00:30:45,649 poster whereas the other one was a solid tape but the the final installation 1138 00:30:45,649 --> 00:30:45,659 tape but the the final installation 1139 00:30:45,659 --> 00:30:47,870 tape but the the final installation there is the same because you wind up 1140 00:30:47,870 --> 00:30:47,880 there is the same because you wind up 1141 00:30:47,880 --> 00:30:49,909 there is the same because you wind up with a the thing pulled through to 1142 00:30:49,909 --> 00:30:49,919 with a the thing pulled through to 1143 00:30:49,919 --> 00:30:52,039 with a the thing pulled through to expand it and then you have the locking 1144 00:30:52,039 --> 00:30:52,049 expand it and then you have the locking 1145 00:30:52,049 --> 00:30:57,380 expand it and then you have the locking collar around the stem at just inboard 1146 00:30:57,380 --> 00:30:57,390 collar around the stem at just inboard 1147 00:30:57,390 --> 00:31:02,899 collar around the stem at just inboard of where it broke now high shear makes 1148 00:31:02,899 --> 00:31:02,909 of where it broke now high shear makes 1149 00:31:02,909 --> 00:31:09,110 of where it broke now high shear makes other types of rivets and one of the 1150 00:31:09,110 --> 00:31:09,120 other types of rivets and one of the 1151 00:31:09,120 --> 00:31:12,409 other types of rivets and one of the ones that they make is a high-strength 1152 00:31:12,409 --> 00:31:12,419 ones that they make is a high-strength 1153 00:31:12,419 --> 00:31:17,269 ones that they make is a high-strength stem with a swage collar that you put on 1154 00:31:17,269 --> 00:31:17,279 stem with a swage collar that you put on 1155 00:31:17,279 --> 00:31:22,310 stem with a swage collar that you put on it and over and this one if the collar 1156 00:31:22,310 --> 00:31:22,320 it and over and this one if the collar 1157 00:31:22,320 --> 00:31:24,740 it and over and this one if the collar is size such that you can look at it 1158 00:31:24,740 --> 00:31:24,750 is size such that you can look at it 1159 00:31:24,750 --> 00:31:27,260 is size such that you can look at it from the outside and inspect it to tell 1160 00:31:27,260 --> 00:31:27,270 from the outside and inspect it to tell 1161 00:31:27,270 --> 00:31:29,389 from the outside and inspect it to tell whether it was installed properly so if 1162 00:31:29,389 --> 00:31:29,399 whether it was installed properly so if 1163 00:31:29,399 --> 00:31:32,990 whether it was installed properly so if you turn to figure 61 this is a high 1164 00:31:32,990 --> 00:31:33,000 you turn to figure 61 this is a high 1165 00:31:33,000 --> 00:31:37,130 you turn to figure 61 this is a high shear installation this is usually a 20 1166 00:31:37,130 --> 00:31:37,140 shear installation this is usually a 20 1167 00:31:37,140 --> 00:31:42,460 shear installation this is usually a 20 20 44 collar and you just pull the thing 1168 00:31:42,460 --> 00:31:42,470 20 44 collar and you just pull the thing 1169 00:31:42,470 --> 00:31:44,840 20 44 collar and you just pull the thing through Suede's it on here 1170 00:31:44,840 --> 00:31:44,850 through Suede's it on here 1171 00:31:44,850 --> 00:31:47,210 through Suede's it on here and the way that it's wages on you can 1172 00:31:47,210 --> 00:31:47,220 and the way that it's wages on you can 1173 00:31:47,220 --> 00:31:49,460 and the way that it's wages on you can look around the top of it here and see 1174 00:31:49,460 --> 00:31:49,470 look around the top of it here and see 1175 00:31:49,470 --> 00:31:51,980 look around the top of it here and see whether it was farmed properly so that 1176 00:31:51,980 --> 00:31:51,990 whether it was farmed properly so that 1177 00:31:51,990 --> 00:31:55,070 whether it was farmed properly so that it can be inspected from that side now 1178 00:31:55,070 --> 00:31:55,080 it can be inspected from that side now 1179 00:31:55,080 --> 00:31:59,870 it can be inspected from that side now this is not a an expanding rivet that's 1180 00:31:59,870 --> 00:31:59,880 this is not a an expanding rivet that's 1181 00:31:59,880 --> 00:32:03,290 this is not a an expanding rivet that's the difference this one these are used a 1182 00:32:03,290 --> 00:32:03,300 the difference this one these are used a 1183 00:32:03,300 --> 00:32:08,870 the difference this one these are used a lot for installing brackets that are 1184 00:32:08,870 --> 00:32:08,880 lot for installing brackets that are 1185 00:32:08,880 --> 00:32:12,470 lot for installing brackets that are structural type things to heavy frames 1186 00:32:12,470 --> 00:32:12,480 structural type things to heavy frames 1187 00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:15,830 structural type things to heavy frames and so on in planes where you want a 1188 00:32:15,830 --> 00:32:15,840 and so on in planes where you want a 1189 00:32:15,840 --> 00:32:20,660 and so on in planes where you want a real good fastener but you'd rather not 1190 00:32:20,660 --> 00:32:20,670 real good fastener but you'd rather not 1191 00:32:20,670 --> 00:32:24,110 real good fastener but you'd rather not use bolts and nuts because you can get a 1192 00:32:24,110 --> 00:32:24,120 use bolts and nuts because you can get a 1193 00:32:24,120 --> 00:32:26,210 use bolts and nuts because you can get a these these would be installed in a 1194 00:32:26,210 --> 00:32:26,220 these these would be installed in a 1195 00:32:26,220 --> 00:32:27,920 these these would be installed in a drilled and reading hole so it would 1196 00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:27,930 drilled and reading hole so it would 1197 00:32:27,930 --> 00:32:36,560 drilled and reading hole so it would give you a tighter tolerance on now lock 1198 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:36,570 give you a tighter tolerance on now lock 1199 00:32:36,570 --> 00:32:40,820 give you a tighter tolerance on now lock bolts are also commonly used and they 1200 00:32:40,820 --> 00:32:40,830 bolts are also commonly used and they 1201 00:32:40,830 --> 00:32:44,200 bolts are also commonly used and they are a non expanding high-strength 1202 00:32:44,200 --> 00:32:44,210 are a non expanding high-strength 1203 00:32:44,210 --> 00:32:46,670 are a non expanding high-strength fastener that has either a suede scholar 1204 00:32:46,670 --> 00:32:46,680 fastener that has either a suede scholar 1205 00:32:46,680 --> 00:32:49,510 fastener that has either a suede scholar a threaded Collard to lock them in place 1206 00:32:49,510 --> 00:32:49,520 a threaded Collard to lock them in place 1207 00:32:49,520 --> 00:32:53,840 a threaded Collard to lock them in place it's a variation of the high fear that I 1208 00:32:53,840 --> 00:32:53,850 it's a variation of the high fear that I 1209 00:32:53,850 --> 00:32:55,490 it's a variation of the high fear that I just showed you they're accepted in this 1210 00:32:55,490 --> 00:32:55,500 just showed you they're accepted in this 1211 00:32:55,500 --> 00:32:57,800 just showed you they're accepted in this case you normally have a have a stem 1212 00:32:57,800 --> 00:32:57,810 case you normally have a have a stem 1213 00:32:57,810 --> 00:33:02,420 case you normally have a have a stem that you compress the collar on a lock 1214 00:33:02,420 --> 00:33:02,430 that you compress the collar on a lock 1215 00:33:02,430 --> 00:33:05,510 that you compress the collar on a lock bolt is similar to a rivet in one 1216 00:33:05,510 --> 00:33:05,520 bolt is similar to a rivet in one 1217 00:33:05,520 --> 00:33:08,150 bolt is similar to a rivet in one respect it's hard to remove once you 1218 00:33:08,150 --> 00:33:08,160 respect it's hard to remove once you 1219 00:33:08,160 --> 00:33:11,540 respect it's hard to remove once you install it and it's not very strong in 1220 00:33:11,540 --> 00:33:11,550 install it and it's not very strong in 1221 00:33:11,550 --> 00:33:13,370 install it and it's not very strong in tension because once again it's a 1222 00:33:13,370 --> 00:33:13,380 tension because once again it's a 1223 00:33:13,380 --> 00:33:15,800 tension because once again it's a metallurgical balancing act you want the 1224 00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:15,810 metallurgical balancing act you want the 1225 00:33:15,810 --> 00:33:19,400 metallurgical balancing act you want the collar to farm but on the other hand it 1226 00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:19,410 collar to farm but on the other hand it 1227 00:33:19,410 --> 00:33:21,890 collar to farm but on the other hand it can't crack so it can't be nearly as 1228 00:33:21,890 --> 00:33:21,900 can't crack so it can't be nearly as 1229 00:33:21,900 --> 00:33:23,960 can't crack so it can't be nearly as strong as the shank so what you have is 1230 00:33:23,960 --> 00:33:23,970 strong as the shank so what you have is 1231 00:33:23,970 --> 00:33:26,390 strong as the shank so what you have is a fastener which is very strong and 1232 00:33:26,390 --> 00:33:26,400 a fastener which is very strong and 1233 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:30,320 a fastener which is very strong and shear but is weak in tension so normally 1234 00:33:30,320 --> 00:33:30,330 shear but is weak in tension so normally 1235 00:33:30,330 --> 00:33:31,940 shear but is weak in tension so normally you try to design them such that they're 1236 00:33:31,940 --> 00:33:31,950 you try to design them such that they're 1237 00:33:31,950 --> 00:33:38,210 you try to design them such that they're not in tension now they're difficult to 1238 00:33:38,210 --> 00:33:38,220 not in tension now they're difficult to 1239 00:33:38,220 --> 00:33:41,840 not in tension now they're difficult to inspect so if it's something that you 1240 00:33:41,840 --> 00:33:41,850 inspect so if it's something that you 1241 00:33:41,850 --> 00:33:47,480 inspect so if it's something that you need to have a more positive lock on you 1242 00:33:47,480 --> 00:33:47,490 need to have a more positive lock on you 1243 00:33:47,490 --> 00:33:50,450 need to have a more positive lock on you should look for a bolt nut assembly but 1244 00:33:50,450 --> 00:33:50,460 should look for a bolt nut assembly but 1245 00:33:50,460 --> 00:33:55,310 should look for a bolt nut assembly but they're fast in style and on the next 1246 00:33:55,310 --> 00:33:55,320 they're fast in style and on the next 1247 00:33:55,320 --> 00:33:58,730 they're fast in style and on the next page is one type of lock bolt this is a 1248 00:33:58,730 --> 00:33:58,740 page is one type of lock bolt this is a 1249 00:33:58,740 --> 00:34:04,419 page is one type of lock bolt this is a Joe Bolt and what you have here the 1250 00:34:04,419 --> 00:34:04,429 Joe Bolt and what you have here the 1251 00:34:04,429 --> 00:34:08,540 Joe Bolt and what you have here the locking sleeve their collar is expanded 1252 00:34:08,540 --> 00:34:08,550 locking sleeve their collar is expanded 1253 00:34:08,550 --> 00:34:12,080 locking sleeve their collar is expanded to form a shop head because you're 1254 00:34:12,080 --> 00:34:12,090 to form a shop head because you're 1255 00:34:12,090 --> 00:34:16,310 to form a shop head because you're rotating the stem in a gun and holding 1256 00:34:16,310 --> 00:34:16,320 rotating the stem in a gun and holding 1257 00:34:16,320 --> 00:34:18,980 rotating the stem in a gun and holding the hex head in place so you're running 1258 00:34:18,980 --> 00:34:18,990 the hex head in place so you're running 1259 00:34:18,990 --> 00:34:22,490 the hex head in place so you're running this through a threaded year to expand 1260 00:34:22,490 --> 00:34:22,500 this through a threaded year to expand 1261 00:34:22,500 --> 00:34:26,240 this through a threaded year to expand the sleeve to form a head then the the 1262 00:34:26,240 --> 00:34:26,250 the sleeve to form a head then the the 1263 00:34:26,250 --> 00:34:28,790 the sleeve to form a head then the the stem is not so that when you reach the 1264 00:34:28,790 --> 00:34:28,800 stem is not so that when you reach the 1265 00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:36,860 stem is not so that when you reach the proper torque it breaks off 1266 00:34:36,860 --> 00:34:36,870 1267 00:34:36,870 --> 00:34:42,110 now the the Huck bolt is a one with the 1268 00:34:42,110 --> 00:34:42,120 now the the Huck bolt is a one with the 1269 00:34:42,120 --> 00:34:43,910 now the the Huck bolt is a one with the serrations on the shank rather than 1270 00:34:43,910 --> 00:34:43,920 serrations on the shank rather than 1271 00:34:43,920 --> 00:34:50,530 serrations on the shank rather than threads and it's switched in place and 1272 00:34:50,530 --> 00:34:50,540 1273 00:34:50,540 --> 00:34:54,020 the one thing about them since you don't 1274 00:34:54,020 --> 00:34:54,030 the one thing about them since you don't 1275 00:34:54,030 --> 00:34:56,450 the one thing about them since you don't have threads they can't back off because 1276 00:34:56,450 --> 00:34:56,460 have threads they can't back off because 1277 00:34:56,460 --> 00:34:58,670 have threads they can't back off because you just have straight serrations so 1278 00:34:58,670 --> 00:34:58,680 you just have straight serrations so 1279 00:34:58,680 --> 00:35:00,290 you just have straight serrations so they're used a lot in the trucking 1280 00:35:00,290 --> 00:35:00,300 they're used a lot in the trucking 1281 00:35:00,300 --> 00:35:01,910 they're used a lot in the trucking industry for putting truck bodies 1282 00:35:01,910 --> 00:35:01,920 industry for putting truck bodies 1283 00:35:01,920 --> 00:35:04,250 industry for putting truck bodies together because they're available in 1284 00:35:04,250 --> 00:35:04,260 together because they're available in 1285 00:35:04,260 --> 00:35:06,980 together because they're available in fairly large diameters you can get up up 1286 00:35:06,980 --> 00:35:06,990 fairly large diameters you can get up up 1287 00:35:06,990 --> 00:35:09,980 fairly large diameters you can get up up to about a half inch diameter on them 1288 00:35:09,980 --> 00:35:09,990 to about a half inch diameter on them 1289 00:35:09,990 --> 00:35:12,320 to about a half inch diameter on them and of course they're very good in 1290 00:35:12,320 --> 00:35:12,330 and of course they're very good in 1291 00:35:12,330 --> 00:35:13,940 and of course they're very good in fatigue because once you put them 1292 00:35:13,940 --> 00:35:13,950 fatigue because once you put them 1293 00:35:13,950 --> 00:35:17,600 fatigue because once you put them together and clamp the collar on they 1294 00:35:17,600 --> 00:35:17,610 together and clamp the collar on they 1295 00:35:17,610 --> 00:35:21,260 together and clamp the collar on they can't come loose very well unless the 1296 00:35:21,260 --> 00:35:21,270 can't come loose very well unless the 1297 00:35:21,270 --> 00:35:23,990 can't come loose very well unless the collar would actually break and they're 1298 00:35:23,990 --> 00:35:24,000 collar would actually break and they're 1299 00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:25,910 collar would actually break and they're available in carbon steel stainless 1300 00:35:25,910 --> 00:35:25,920 available in carbon steel stainless 1301 00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:28,460 available in carbon steel stainless steel and aluminum and on the next page 1302 00:35:28,460 --> 00:35:28,470 steel and aluminum and on the next page 1303 00:35:28,470 --> 00:35:32,450 steel and aluminum and on the next page is Huck bolt installed and you see what 1304 00:35:32,450 --> 00:35:32,460 is Huck bolt installed and you see what 1305 00:35:32,460 --> 00:35:37,070 is Huck bolt installed and you see what what they have is a notched stem you 1306 00:35:37,070 --> 00:35:37,080 what they have is a notched stem you 1307 00:35:37,080 --> 00:35:39,640 what they have is a notched stem you pull the thing in place 1308 00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:39,650 pull the thing in place 1309 00:35:39,650 --> 00:35:43,910 pull the thing in place there's your unser rated shank that you 1310 00:35:43,910 --> 00:35:43,920 there's your unser rated shank that you 1311 00:35:43,920 --> 00:35:46,550 there's your unser rated shank that you put in the joint and then it breaks off 1312 00:35:46,550 --> 00:35:46,560 put in the joint and then it breaks off 1313 00:35:46,560 --> 00:35:48,560 put in the joint and then it breaks off once the thing is that the collar is 1314 00:35:48,560 --> 00:35:48,570 once the thing is that the collar is 1315 00:35:48,570 --> 00:35:55,880 once the thing is that the collar is switched in place now high fear makes a 1316 00:35:55,880 --> 00:35:55,890 switched in place now high fear makes a 1317 00:35:55,890 --> 00:35:59,170 switched in place now high fear makes a high lock which is a similar one and 1318 00:35:59,170 --> 00:35:59,180 high lock which is a similar one and 1319 00:35:59,180 --> 00:36:02,480 high lock which is a similar one and it's it has to be fed through a hole 1320 00:36:02,480 --> 00:36:02,490 it's it has to be fed through a hole 1321 00:36:02,490 --> 00:36:06,050 it's it has to be fed through a hole from the fire side and held with a key 1322 00:36:06,050 --> 00:36:06,060 from the fire side and held with a key 1323 00:36:06,060 --> 00:36:08,750 from the fire side and held with a key to prevent rotation while the about is 1324 00:36:08,750 --> 00:36:08,760 to prevent rotation while the about is 1325 00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:11,180 to prevent rotation while the about is being torqued with a tool then the outer 1326 00:36:11,180 --> 00:36:11,190 being torqued with a tool then the outer 1327 00:36:11,190 --> 00:36:13,010 being torqued with a tool then the outer portion of the nut breaks off on this 1328 00:36:13,010 --> 00:36:13,020 portion of the nut breaks off on this 1329 00:36:13,020 --> 00:36:17,300 portion of the nut breaks off on this one now the high locks are available in 1330 00:36:17,300 --> 00:36:17,310 one now the high locks are available in 1331 00:36:17,310 --> 00:36:21,530 one now the high locks are available in super high strength materials the alloy 1332 00:36:21,530 --> 00:36:21,540 super high strength materials the alloy 1333 00:36:21,540 --> 00:36:24,680 super high strength materials the alloy steel h-11 tool steel stainless steel 1334 00:36:24,680 --> 00:36:24,690 steel h-11 tool steel stainless steel 1335 00:36:24,690 --> 00:36:28,070 steel h-11 tool steel stainless steel and titanium now one of the things I 1336 00:36:28,070 --> 00:36:28,080 and titanium now one of the things I 1337 00:36:28,080 --> 00:36:29,300 and titanium now one of the things I wanted to call your attention here 1338 00:36:29,300 --> 00:36:29,310 wanted to call your attention here 1339 00:36:29,310 --> 00:36:31,760 wanted to call your attention here though the h-11 tool steel which has 1340 00:36:31,760 --> 00:36:31,770 though the h-11 tool steel which has 1341 00:36:31,770 --> 00:36:35,390 though the h-11 tool steel which has been used in the past by SPS for a lot 1342 00:36:35,390 --> 00:36:35,400 been used in the past by SPS for a lot 1343 00:36:35,400 --> 00:36:38,420 been used in the past by SPS for a lot of their super high strength bolts it is 1344 00:36:38,420 --> 00:36:38,430 of their super high strength bolts it is 1345 00:36:38,430 --> 00:36:40,520 of their super high strength bolts it is stress corrosion sensitive and some of 1346 00:36:40,520 --> 00:36:40,530 stress corrosion sensitive and some of 1347 00:36:40,530 --> 00:36:42,950 stress corrosion sensitive and some of the companies have kind of backed off on 1348 00:36:42,950 --> 00:36:42,960 the companies have kind of backed off on 1349 00:36:42,960 --> 00:36:46,190 the companies have kind of backed off on using it or using it in the real 1350 00:36:46,190 --> 00:36:46,200 using it or using it in the real 1351 00:36:46,200 --> 00:36:47,750 using it or using it in the real high-strength see this hundred and 1352 00:36:47,750 --> 00:36:47,760 high-strength see this hundred and 1353 00:36:47,760 --> 00:36:50,360 high-strength see this hundred and fifty-six ksi here that is 1354 00:36:50,360 --> 00:36:50,370 fifty-six ksi here that is 1355 00:36:50,370 --> 00:36:55,000 fifty-six ksi here that is if you that's about a 260 heat-treat 1356 00:36:55,000 --> 00:36:55,010 if you that's about a 260 heat-treat 1357 00:36:55,010 --> 00:36:57,980 if you that's about a 260 heat-treat bolt so the elongation gets pretty low 1358 00:36:57,980 --> 00:36:57,990 bolt so the elongation gets pretty low 1359 00:36:57,990 --> 00:37:00,830 bolt so the elongation gets pretty low on it and if it's stress corrosion 1360 00:37:00,830 --> 00:37:00,840 on it and if it's stress corrosion 1361 00:37:00,840 --> 00:37:05,060 on it and if it's stress corrosion sensitive then you have to really do a 1362 00:37:05,060 --> 00:37:05,070 sensitive then you have to really do a 1363 00:37:05,070 --> 00:37:07,370 sensitive then you have to really do a good job of protecting it in order to 1364 00:37:07,370 --> 00:37:07,380 good job of protecting it in order to 1365 00:37:07,380 --> 00:37:08,660 good job of protecting it in order to assure yourself you're not gonna have 1366 00:37:08,660 --> 00:37:08,670 assure yourself you're not gonna have 1367 00:37:08,670 --> 00:37:14,170 assure yourself you're not gonna have some problems now here is a high lock 1368 00:37:14,170 --> 00:37:14,180 some problems now here is a high lock 1369 00:37:14,180 --> 00:37:18,290 some problems now here is a high lock installation now this is threaded on so 1370 00:37:18,290 --> 00:37:18,300 installation now this is threaded on so 1371 00:37:18,300 --> 00:37:22,010 installation now this is threaded on so the the threaded diameter is a little 1372 00:37:22,010 --> 00:37:22,020 the the threaded diameter is a little 1373 00:37:22,020 --> 00:37:25,100 the the threaded diameter is a little bit smaller here so that you can slide 1374 00:37:25,100 --> 00:37:25,110 bit smaller here so that you can slide 1375 00:37:25,110 --> 00:37:28,340 bit smaller here so that you can slide it through from the backside without 1376 00:37:28,340 --> 00:37:28,350 it through from the backside without 1377 00:37:28,350 --> 00:37:32,030 it through from the backside without screwing up the threads then you hold it 1378 00:37:32,030 --> 00:37:32,040 screwing up the threads then you hold it 1379 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:37,490 screwing up the threads then you hold it it has a internal hex in it so you put a 1380 00:37:37,490 --> 00:37:37,500 it has a internal hex in it so you put a 1381 00:37:37,500 --> 00:37:40,100 it has a internal hex in it so you put a key in it with the gun to hold it in 1382 00:37:40,100 --> 00:37:40,110 key in it with the gun to hold it in 1383 00:37:40,110 --> 00:37:42,770 key in it with the gun to hold it in place then tighten it down the outer 1384 00:37:42,770 --> 00:37:42,780 place then tighten it down the outer 1385 00:37:42,780 --> 00:37:44,540 place then tighten it down the outer part of the nut that you're talking with 1386 00:37:44,540 --> 00:37:44,550 part of the nut that you're talking with 1387 00:37:44,550 --> 00:37:46,820 part of the nut that you're talking with breaks off when you reach the proper 1388 00:37:46,820 --> 00:37:46,830 breaks off when you reach the proper 1389 00:37:46,830 --> 00:37:54,080 breaks off when you reach the proper torque now here is an unusual one the 1390 00:37:54,080 --> 00:37:54,090 torque now here is an unusual one the 1391 00:37:54,090 --> 00:37:56,990 torque now here is an unusual one the Hyatt Teague is a high lock which is 1392 00:37:56,990 --> 00:37:57,000 Hyatt Teague is a high lock which is 1393 00:37:57,000 --> 00:37:59,000 Hyatt Teague is a high lock which is actually driven into an interference fit 1394 00:37:59,000 --> 00:37:59,010 actually driven into an interference fit 1395 00:37:59,010 --> 00:38:02,350 actually driven into an interference fit hole before the color is installed and 1396 00:38:02,350 --> 00:38:02,360 hole before the color is installed and 1397 00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:05,330 hole before the color is installed and of course because you have the threads 1398 00:38:05,330 --> 00:38:05,340 of course because you have the threads 1399 00:38:05,340 --> 00:38:07,060 of course because you have the threads are slightly smaller you can do this 1400 00:38:07,060 --> 00:38:07,070 are slightly smaller you can do this 1401 00:38:07,070 --> 00:38:10,640 are slightly smaller you can do this then of course the interference fit 1402 00:38:10,640 --> 00:38:10,650 then of course the interference fit 1403 00:38:10,650 --> 00:38:15,590 then of course the interference fit increases the fatigue resistance and it 1404 00:38:15,590 --> 00:38:15,600 increases the fatigue resistance and it 1405 00:38:15,600 --> 00:38:18,050 increases the fatigue resistance and it actually will hold it in place while you 1406 00:38:18,050 --> 00:38:18,060 actually will hold it in place while you 1407 00:38:18,060 --> 00:38:21,830 actually will hold it in place while you are tightening it down and I don't have 1408 00:38:21,830 --> 00:38:21,840 are tightening it down and I don't have 1409 00:38:21,840 --> 00:38:32,599 are tightening it down and I don't have a picture of one of them with this 1410 00:38:32,599 --> 00:38:32,609 1411 00:38:32,609 --> 00:38:39,690 the taper lock is made by SPS and it has 1412 00:38:39,690 --> 00:38:39,700 the taper lock is made by SPS and it has 1413 00:38:39,700 --> 00:38:46,049 the taper lock is made by SPS and it has a threaded stem tapered shank and it's 1414 00:38:46,049 --> 00:38:46,059 a threaded stem tapered shank and it's 1415 00:38:46,059 --> 00:38:48,240 a threaded stem tapered shank and it's installed with an interference fit in a 1416 00:38:48,240 --> 00:38:48,250 installed with an interference fit in a 1417 00:38:48,250 --> 00:38:52,500 installed with an interference fit in a drilled and reamed hold now the tapered 1418 00:38:52,500 --> 00:38:52,510 drilled and reamed hold now the tapered 1419 00:38:52,510 --> 00:38:55,349 drilled and reamed hold now the tapered shank is that's only a 1 and don't ask 1420 00:38:55,349 --> 00:38:55,359 shank is that's only a 1 and don't ask 1421 00:38:55,359 --> 00:38:58,620 shank is that's only a 1 and don't ask me how this becomes a critical thing 1422 00:38:58,620 --> 00:38:58,630 me how this becomes a critical thing 1423 00:38:58,630 --> 00:39:02,730 me how this becomes a critical thing it's a 1.19 degree taper that has on the 1424 00:39:02,730 --> 00:39:02,740 it's a 1.19 degree taper that has on the 1425 00:39:02,740 --> 00:39:06,150 it's a 1.19 degree taper that has on the sides and you lubricate the shank so you 1426 00:39:06,150 --> 00:39:06,160 sides and you lubricate the shank so you 1427 00:39:06,160 --> 00:39:07,589 sides and you lubricate the shank so you don't have to do anything as the hole 1428 00:39:07,589 --> 00:39:07,599 don't have to do anything as the hole 1429 00:39:07,599 --> 00:39:09,720 don't have to do anything as the hole you just drive the thing in but this 1430 00:39:09,720 --> 00:39:09,730 you just drive the thing in but this 1431 00:39:09,730 --> 00:39:12,049 you just drive the thing in but this interference fit keeps it from rotating 1432 00:39:12,049 --> 00:39:12,059 interference fit keeps it from rotating 1433 00:39:12,059 --> 00:39:15,380 interference fit keeps it from rotating while the lock nut with a captive washer 1434 00:39:15,380 --> 00:39:15,390 while the lock nut with a captive washer 1435 00:39:15,390 --> 00:39:18,059 while the lock nut with a captive washer attached to it is installed and there is 1436 00:39:18,059 --> 00:39:18,069 attached to it is installed and there is 1437 00:39:18,069 --> 00:39:24,049 attached to it is installed and there is a picture one of them in the next figure 1438 00:39:24,049 --> 00:39:24,059 1439 00:39:24,059 --> 00:39:30,540 so you have this is kind of showing this 1440 00:39:30,540 --> 00:39:30,550 so you have this is kind of showing this 1441 00:39:30,550 --> 00:39:33,180 so you have this is kind of showing this way although it in reality it isn't in 1442 00:39:33,180 --> 00:39:33,190 way although it in reality it isn't in 1443 00:39:33,190 --> 00:39:35,640 way although it in reality it isn't in in steps that much you would not be able 1444 00:39:35,640 --> 00:39:35,650 in steps that much you would not be able 1445 00:39:35,650 --> 00:39:37,859 in steps that much you would not be able to see the steps on it do that slight 1446 00:39:37,859 --> 00:39:37,869 to see the steps on it do that slight 1447 00:39:37,869 --> 00:39:40,890 to see the steps on it do that slight angle but then you install it with this 1448 00:39:40,890 --> 00:39:40,900 angle but then you install it with this 1449 00:39:40,900 --> 00:39:43,890 angle but then you install it with this this nut on it and you can sense it's 1450 00:39:43,890 --> 00:39:43,900 this nut on it and you can sense it's 1451 00:39:43,900 --> 00:39:45,750 this nut on it and you can sense it's driven in place if the friction will 1452 00:39:45,750 --> 00:39:45,760 driven in place if the friction will 1453 00:39:45,760 --> 00:39:52,289 driven in place if the friction will hold it while you're installing the net 1454 00:39:52,289 --> 00:39:52,299 1455 00:39:52,299 --> 00:39:55,089 now next here is an eddy bolt and 1456 00:39:55,089 --> 00:39:55,099 now next here is an eddy bolt and 1457 00:39:55,099 --> 00:39:58,480 now next here is an eddy bolt and they're used a lot by Boeing in the 1458 00:39:58,480 --> 00:39:58,490 they're used a lot by Boeing in the 1459 00:39:58,490 --> 00:40:00,039 they're used a lot by Boeing in the airplane business 1460 00:40:00,039 --> 00:40:00,049 airplane business 1461 00:40:00,049 --> 00:40:05,130 airplane business I understand they use millions of Monday 1462 00:40:05,130 --> 00:40:05,140 I understand they use millions of Monday 1463 00:40:05,140 --> 00:40:08,109 I understand they use millions of Monday 777s 747s and so on 1464 00:40:08,109 --> 00:40:08,119 777s 747s and so on 1465 00:40:08,119 --> 00:40:10,630 777s 747s and so on and it's kind of an oddball in my 1466 00:40:10,630 --> 00:40:10,640 and it's kind of an oddball in my 1467 00:40:10,640 --> 00:40:16,599 and it's kind of an oddball in my opinion it has a deformed threads such 1468 00:40:16,599 --> 00:40:16,609 opinion it has a deformed threads such 1469 00:40:16,609 --> 00:40:20,140 opinion it has a deformed threads such that it that you use a kind of a socket 1470 00:40:20,140 --> 00:40:20,150 that it that you use a kind of a socket 1471 00:40:20,150 --> 00:40:24,130 that it that you use a kind of a socket type head that deforms to the point that 1472 00:40:24,130 --> 00:40:24,140 type head that deforms to the point that 1473 00:40:24,140 --> 00:40:25,599 type head that deforms to the point that it starts slipping and then you know 1474 00:40:25,599 --> 00:40:25,609 it starts slipping and then you know 1475 00:40:25,609 --> 00:40:31,420 it starts slipping and then you know that you it is installed properly so be 1476 00:40:31,420 --> 00:40:31,430 that you it is installed properly so be 1477 00:40:31,430 --> 00:40:33,010 that you it is installed properly so be easier just to go with the picture on 1478 00:40:33,010 --> 00:40:33,020 easier just to go with the picture on 1479 00:40:33,020 --> 00:40:40,180 easier just to go with the picture on the next page maybe I guess the better 1480 00:40:40,180 --> 00:40:40,190 the next page maybe I guess the better 1481 00:40:40,190 --> 00:40:43,779 the next page maybe I guess the better with this one this one has a fluted 1482 00:40:43,779 --> 00:40:43,789 with this one this one has a fluted 1483 00:40:43,789 --> 00:40:46,180 with this one this one has a fluted threads on the stem here you can see it 1484 00:40:46,180 --> 00:40:46,190 threads on the stem here you can see it 1485 00:40:46,190 --> 00:40:49,210 threads on the stem here you can see it and so you start out you have a nut that 1486 00:40:49,210 --> 00:40:49,220 and so you start out you have a nut that 1487 00:40:49,220 --> 00:40:51,520 and so you start out you have a nut that has these protrusions on it and you have 1488 00:40:51,520 --> 00:40:51,530 has these protrusions on it and you have 1489 00:40:51,530 --> 00:40:54,640 has these protrusions on it and you have a special wrench to fit on that so you 1490 00:40:54,640 --> 00:40:54,650 a special wrench to fit on that so you 1491 00:40:54,650 --> 00:40:57,339 a special wrench to fit on that so you tighten the doggone thing until the nut 1492 00:40:57,339 --> 00:40:57,349 tighten the doggone thing until the nut 1493 00:40:57,349 --> 00:41:01,390 tighten the doggone thing until the nut deforms to where these protrusions push 1494 00:41:01,390 --> 00:41:01,400 deforms to where these protrusions push 1495 00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:05,230 deforms to where these protrusions push it in and it pushes in and locks on 1496 00:41:05,230 --> 00:41:05,240 it in and it pushes in and locks on 1497 00:41:05,240 --> 00:41:07,990 it in and it pushes in and locks on these flutes here and then when you 1498 00:41:07,990 --> 00:41:08,000 these flutes here and then when you 1499 00:41:08,000 --> 00:41:11,230 these flutes here and then when you start spinning you know you have a the 1500 00:41:11,230 --> 00:41:11,240 start spinning you know you have a the 1501 00:41:11,240 --> 00:41:13,620 start spinning you know you have a the proper installation which is kind of 1502 00:41:13,620 --> 00:41:13,630 proper installation which is kind of 1503 00:41:13,630 --> 00:41:17,260 proper installation which is kind of strange but they work then they have 1504 00:41:17,260 --> 00:41:17,270 strange but they work then they have 1505 00:41:17,270 --> 00:41:22,120 strange but they work then they have another tape that has a swags color like 1506 00:41:22,120 --> 00:41:22,130 another tape that has a swags color like 1507 00:41:22,130 --> 00:41:24,970 another tape that has a swags color like the the ones that the lock bolts that 1508 00:41:24,970 --> 00:41:24,980 the the ones that the lock bolts that 1509 00:41:24,980 --> 00:41:26,650 the the ones that the lock bolts that I've been showing you and on that one of 1510 00:41:26,650 --> 00:41:26,660 I've been showing you and on that one of 1511 00:41:26,660 --> 00:41:28,450 I've been showing you and on that one of course you need a bucking bar on the 1512 00:41:28,450 --> 00:41:28,460 course you need a bucking bar on the 1513 00:41:28,460 --> 00:41:30,519 course you need a bucking bar on the back of it to hold it in place because 1514 00:41:30,519 --> 00:41:30,529 back of it to hold it in place because 1515 00:41:30,529 --> 00:41:34,019 back of it to hold it in place because you're actually pushing down here and 1516 00:41:34,019 --> 00:41:34,029 you're actually pushing down here and 1517 00:41:34,029 --> 00:41:36,730 you're actually pushing down here and deforming the collar around it but the 1518 00:41:36,730 --> 00:41:36,740 deforming the collar around it but the 1519 00:41:36,740 --> 00:41:38,950 deforming the collar around it but the locking is the same it still has this 1520 00:41:38,950 --> 00:41:38,960 locking is the same it still has this 1521 00:41:38,960 --> 00:41:40,900 locking is the same it still has this type of shank on this shank is the same 1522 00:41:40,900 --> 00:41:40,910 type of shank on this shank is the same 1523 00:41:40,910 --> 00:41:45,180 type of shank on this shank is the same as this one and those are used 1524 00:41:45,180 --> 00:41:45,190 as this one and those are used 1525 00:41:45,190 --> 00:41:48,579 as this one and those are used extensively and they're fairly new 1526 00:41:48,579 --> 00:41:48,589 extensively and they're fairly new 1527 00:41:48,589 --> 00:41:51,400 extensively and they're fairly new they've only been around for a few years 1528 00:41:51,400 --> 00:41:51,410 they've only been around for a few years 1529 00:41:51,410 --> 00:41:55,569 they've only been around for a few years now here's remember earlier I mentioned 1530 00:41:55,569 --> 00:41:55,579 now here's remember earlier I mentioned 1531 00:41:55,579 --> 00:42:01,809 now here's remember earlier I mentioned that you don't want to use solid rivets 1532 00:42:01,809 --> 00:42:01,819 that you don't want to use solid rivets 1533 00:42:01,819 --> 00:42:05,590 that you don't want to use solid rivets in the composite material 1534 00:42:05,590 --> 00:42:05,600 in the composite material 1535 00:42:05,600 --> 00:42:09,280 in the composite material fiberglass reinforced plastics this type 1536 00:42:09,280 --> 00:42:09,290 fiberglass reinforced plastics this type 1537 00:42:09,290 --> 00:42:13,300 fiberglass reinforced plastics this type of thing and all because it will start 1538 00:42:13,300 --> 00:42:13,310 of thing and all because it will start 1539 00:42:13,310 --> 00:42:16,780 of thing and all because it will start unraveling at the surfaces well here is 1540 00:42:16,780 --> 00:42:16,790 unraveling at the surfaces well here is 1541 00:42:16,790 --> 00:42:19,480 unraveling at the surfaces well here is one made specifically for composite 1542 00:42:19,480 --> 00:42:19,490 one made specifically for composite 1543 00:42:19,490 --> 00:42:24,360 one made specifically for composite materials it is a titanium lock bolt and 1544 00:42:24,360 --> 00:42:24,370 materials it is a titanium lock bolt and 1545 00:42:24,370 --> 00:42:27,100 materials it is a titanium lock bolt and instead of it has a hundred and thirty 1546 00:42:27,100 --> 00:42:27,110 instead of it has a hundred and thirty 1547 00:42:27,110 --> 00:42:29,620 instead of it has a hundred and thirty degree head on it because you don't want 1548 00:42:29,620 --> 00:42:29,630 degree head on it because you don't want 1549 00:42:29,630 --> 00:42:31,030 degree head on it because you don't want the counters thank you very much on them 1550 00:42:31,030 --> 00:42:31,040 the counters thank you very much on them 1551 00:42:31,040 --> 00:42:34,990 the counters thank you very much on them because you want to avoid the grinding 1552 00:42:34,990 --> 00:42:35,000 because you want to avoid the grinding 1553 00:42:35,000 --> 00:42:36,720 because you want to avoid the grinding on the surfaces as much as possible 1554 00:42:36,720 --> 00:42:36,730 on the surfaces as much as possible 1555 00:42:36,730 --> 00:42:40,630 on the surfaces as much as possible because of the reinforcing fibers so so 1556 00:42:40,630 --> 00:42:40,640 because of the reinforcing fibers so so 1557 00:42:40,640 --> 00:42:44,890 because of the reinforcing fibers so so this is a very flat big head that they 1558 00:42:44,890 --> 00:42:44,900 this is a very flat big head that they 1559 00:42:44,900 --> 00:42:49,960 this is a very flat big head that they have on them and that gives smaller 1560 00:42:49,960 --> 00:42:49,970 have on them and that gives smaller 1561 00:42:49,970 --> 00:42:51,850 have on them and that gives smaller contact stresses on the composite 1562 00:42:51,850 --> 00:42:51,860 contact stresses on the composite 1563 00:42:51,860 --> 00:42:55,240 contact stresses on the composite surfaces it's it's it's a tight fit but 1564 00:42:55,240 --> 00:42:55,250 surfaces it's it's it's a tight fit but 1565 00:42:55,250 --> 00:42:59,970 surfaces it's it's it's a tight fit but not an interference fit then they have a 1566 00:42:59,970 --> 00:42:59,980 not an interference fit then they have a 1567 00:42:59,980 --> 00:43:04,630 not an interference fit then they have a different type of serration on them that 1568 00:43:04,630 --> 00:43:04,640 different type of serration on them that 1569 00:43:04,640 --> 00:43:10,450 different type of serration on them that they have a 20 degree angle here instead 1570 00:43:10,450 --> 00:43:10,460 they have a 20 degree angle here instead 1571 00:43:10,460 --> 00:43:14,140 they have a 20 degree angle here instead at 20 and 40 rather than the 30 30 that 1572 00:43:14,140 --> 00:43:14,150 at 20 and 40 rather than the 30 30 that 1573 00:43:14,150 --> 00:43:16,420 at 20 and 40 rather than the 30 30 that you would normally have on a nut on the 1574 00:43:16,420 --> 00:43:16,430 you would normally have on a nut on the 1575 00:43:16,430 --> 00:43:19,330 you would normally have on a nut on the serrations to give you better holding 1576 00:43:19,330 --> 00:43:19,340 serrations to give you better holding 1577 00:43:19,340 --> 00:43:22,000 serrations to give you better holding power because now with this flatter 1578 00:43:22,000 --> 00:43:22,010 power because now with this flatter 1579 00:43:22,010 --> 00:43:24,640 power because now with this flatter angle here you can when you put the 1580 00:43:24,640 --> 00:43:24,650 angle here you can when you put the 1581 00:43:24,650 --> 00:43:27,610 angle here you can when you put the collar in place it's harder to pull it 1582 00:43:27,610 --> 00:43:27,620 collar in place it's harder to pull it 1583 00:43:27,620 --> 00:43:29,770 collar in place it's harder to pull it off because you're trying to pull 1584 00:43:29,770 --> 00:43:29,780 off because you're trying to pull 1585 00:43:29,780 --> 00:43:32,110 off because you're trying to pull against that angle when you install the 1586 00:43:32,110 --> 00:43:32,120 against that angle when you install the 1587 00:43:32,120 --> 00:43:37,060 against that angle when you install the thing and here is one of them installed 1588 00:43:37,060 --> 00:43:37,070 thing and here is one of them installed 1589 00:43:37,070 --> 00:43:42,400 thing and here is one of them installed and now see see notice that how odd this 1590 00:43:42,400 --> 00:43:42,410 and now see see notice that how odd this 1591 00:43:42,410 --> 00:43:44,500 and now see see notice that how odd this head looks because it's 130 degrees 1592 00:43:44,500 --> 00:43:44,510 head looks because it's 130 degrees 1593 00:43:44,510 --> 00:43:46,780 head looks because it's 130 degrees instead of 82 or 100 most of the 1594 00:43:46,780 --> 00:43:46,790 instead of 82 or 100 most of the 1595 00:43:46,790 --> 00:43:48,400 instead of 82 or 100 most of the aerospace stuff is 100 degree 1596 00:43:48,400 --> 00:43:48,410 aerospace stuff is 100 degree 1597 00:43:48,410 --> 00:43:54,730 aerospace stuff is 100 degree countersunk head and then see the it's a 1598 00:43:54,730 --> 00:43:54,740 countersunk head and then see the it's a 1599 00:43:54,740 --> 00:43:56,800 countersunk head and then see the it's a installed very similar to the rest of 1600 00:43:56,800 --> 00:43:56,810 installed very similar to the rest of 1601 00:43:56,810 --> 00:43:58,450 installed very similar to the rest of the lock bolts and stuff like that it's 1602 00:43:58,450 --> 00:43:58,460 the lock bolts and stuff like that it's 1603 00:43:58,460 --> 00:44:02,230 the lock bolts and stuff like that it's a color that is pushed in here you have 1604 00:44:02,230 --> 00:44:02,240 a color that is pushed in here you have 1605 00:44:02,240 --> 00:44:04,030 a color that is pushed in here you have a pole stem that breaks off when you've 1606 00:44:04,030 --> 00:44:04,040 a pole stem that breaks off when you've 1607 00:44:04,040 --> 00:44:09,160 a pole stem that breaks off when you've reached the proper load on them 1608 00:44:09,160 --> 00:44:09,170 1609 00:44:09,170 --> 00:44:12,579 I believe monogrammed fasteners is the 1610 00:44:12,579 --> 00:44:12,589 I believe monogrammed fasteners is the 1611 00:44:12,589 --> 00:44:15,640 I believe monogrammed fasteners is the outfit that makes that one out of was 1612 00:44:15,640 --> 00:44:15,650 outfit that makes that one out of was 1613 00:44:15,650 --> 00:44:17,400 outfit that makes that one out of was there one of the companies out of 1614 00:44:17,400 --> 00:44:17,410 there one of the companies out of 1615 00:44:17,410 --> 00:44:22,930 there one of the companies out of California so general guidelines for 1616 00:44:22,930 --> 00:44:22,940 California so general guidelines for 1617 00:44:22,940 --> 00:44:26,440 California so general guidelines for selecting rivets and lock bolts don't 1618 00:44:26,440 --> 00:44:26,450 selecting rivets and lock bolts don't 1619 00:44:26,450 --> 00:44:29,049 selecting rivets and lock bolts don't use expanding rivets and composites as 1620 00:44:29,049 --> 00:44:29,059 use expanding rivets and composites as 1621 00:44:29,059 --> 00:44:30,640 use expanding rivets and composites as we've talked about here 1622 00:44:30,640 --> 00:44:30,650 we've talked about here 1623 00:44:30,650 --> 00:44:33,280 we've talked about here don't use 50:56 aluminum rivets and 1624 00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:33,290 don't use 50:56 aluminum rivets and 1625 00:44:33,290 --> 00:44:34,930 don't use 50:56 aluminum rivets and anything other than magnesium since the 1626 00:44:34,930 --> 00:44:34,940 anything other than magnesium since the 1627 00:44:34,940 --> 00:44:38,339 anything other than magnesium since the 50:56 a stress corrosion sensitive a 1628 00:44:38,339 --> 00:44:38,349 50:56 a stress corrosion sensitive a 1629 00:44:38,349 --> 00:44:41,980 50:56 a stress corrosion sensitive a threaded lock bolt that's one of the 1630 00:44:41,980 --> 00:44:41,990 threaded lock bolt that's one of the 1631 00:44:41,990 --> 00:44:43,960 threaded lock bolt that's one of the ones that has the nut on it to actually 1632 00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:43,970 ones that has the nut on it to actually 1633 00:44:43,970 --> 00:44:46,059 ones that has the nut on it to actually threads on and then breaks off the outer 1634 00:44:46,059 --> 00:44:46,069 threads on and then breaks off the outer 1635 00:44:46,069 --> 00:44:48,370 threads on and then breaks off the outer portion of it can carry up to the 1636 00:44:48,370 --> 00:44:48,380 portion of it can carry up to the 1637 00:44:48,380 --> 00:44:51,039 portion of it can carry up to the tensile allowable of the shank but each 1638 00:44:51,039 --> 00:44:51,049 tensile allowable of the shank but each 1639 00:44:51,049 --> 00:44:53,140 tensile allowable of the shank but each design should be checked individually 1640 00:44:53,140 --> 00:44:53,150 design should be checked individually 1641 00:44:53,150 --> 00:44:57,430 design should be checked individually and since drilled fastener holes are not 1642 00:44:57,430 --> 00:44:57,440 and since drilled fastener holes are not 1643 00:44:57,440 --> 00:45:00,460 and since drilled fastener holes are not plated or coated it's necessary to use 1644 00:45:00,460 --> 00:45:00,470 plated or coated it's necessary to use 1645 00:45:00,470 --> 00:45:03,940 plated or coated it's necessary to use some type of sealant over the raw 1646 00:45:03,940 --> 00:45:03,950 some type of sealant over the raw 1647 00:45:03,950 --> 00:45:07,809 some type of sealant over the raw material surfaces to retire to prevent 1648 00:45:07,809 --> 00:45:07,819 material surfaces to retire to prevent 1649 00:45:07,819 --> 00:45:09,730 material surfaces to retire to prevent galvanic corrosion between the fastener 1650 00:45:09,730 --> 00:45:09,740 galvanic corrosion between the fastener 1651 00:45:09,740 --> 00:45:14,049 galvanic corrosion between the fastener in the joint material and of course you 1652 00:45:14,049 --> 00:45:14,059 in the joint material and of course you 1653 00:45:14,059 --> 00:45:16,569 in the joint material and of course you can find lots of information on joints 1654 00:45:16,569 --> 00:45:16,579 can find lots of information on joints 1655 00:45:16,579 --> 00:45:20,589 can find lots of information on joints and rivet allowables which were 1656 00:45:20,589 --> 00:45:20,599 and rivet allowables which were 1657 00:45:20,599 --> 00:45:24,579 and rivet allowables which were determined by tests and mill handbook 5 1658 00:45:24,579 --> 00:45:24,589 determined by tests and mill handbook 5 1659 00:45:24,589 --> 00:45:26,680 determined by tests and mill handbook 5 I think it's chapter 9 the mill handbook 1660 00:45:26,680 --> 00:45:26,690 I think it's chapter 9 the mill handbook 1661 00:45:26,690 --> 00:45:30,299 I think it's chapter 9 the mill handbook 5 has a all these joint allowables 1662 00:45:30,299 --> 00:45:30,309 5 has a all these joint allowables 1663 00:45:30,309 --> 00:45:31,420 5 has a all these joint allowables rivets 1664 00:45:31,420 --> 00:45:31,430 rivets 1665 00:45:31,430 --> 00:45:36,160 rivets they cover they give you a table of 1666 00:45:36,160 --> 00:45:36,170 they cover they give you a table of 1667 00:45:36,170 --> 00:45:38,160 they cover they give you a table of rivet in a given thickness of material 1668 00:45:38,160 --> 00:45:38,170 rivet in a given thickness of material 1669 00:45:38,170 --> 00:45:42,789 rivet in a given thickness of material how much it'll carry in here they even 1670 00:45:42,789 --> 00:45:42,799 how much it'll carry in here they even 1671 00:45:42,799 --> 00:45:44,710 how much it'll carry in here they even show the knife edge cut off so remember 1672 00:45:44,710 --> 00:45:44,720 show the knife edge cut off so remember 1673 00:45:44,720 --> 00:45:46,359 show the knife edge cut off so remember I talked about the knife edges yesterday 1674 00:45:46,359 --> 00:45:46,369 I talked about the knife edges yesterday 1675 00:45:46,369 --> 00:45:48,760 I talked about the knife edges yesterday to avoid they show where you cut it off 1676 00:45:48,760 --> 00:45:48,770 to avoid they show where you cut it off 1677 00:45:48,770 --> 00:45:50,170 to avoid they show where you cut it off to make sure you don't get knife edges 1678 00:45:50,170 --> 00:45:50,180 to make sure you don't get knife edges 1679 00:45:50,180 --> 00:45:53,740 to make sure you don't get knife edges and all that type of thing ribbon 1680 00:45:53,740 --> 00:45:53,750 and all that type of thing ribbon 1681 00:45:53,750 --> 00:45:56,559 and all that type of thing ribbon installations are covered by mil 1682 00:45:56,559 --> 00:45:56,569 installations are covered by mil 1683 00:45:56,569 --> 00:46:00,880 installations are covered by mil standard 403 some corrosion prevention 1684 00:46:00,880 --> 00:46:00,890 standard 403 some corrosion prevention 1685 00:46:00,890 --> 00:46:05,020 standard 403 some corrosion prevention methods are covered by these two mill 1686 00:46:05,020 --> 00:46:05,030 methods are covered by these two mill 1687 00:46:05,030 --> 00:46:09,760 methods are covered by these two mill specs design and selection requirements 1688 00:46:09,760 --> 00:46:09,770 specs design and selection requirements 1689 00:46:09,770 --> 00:46:13,150 specs design and selection requirements for blind structural rivets are given 1690 00:46:13,150 --> 00:46:13,160 for blind structural rivets are given 1691 00:46:13,160 --> 00:46:16,990 for blind structural rivets are given that ms 33 5 22 and testing of fasteners 1692 00:46:16,990 --> 00:46:17,000 that ms 33 5 22 and testing of fasteners 1693 00:46:17,000 --> 00:46:19,990 that ms 33 5 22 and testing of fasteners is covered in mil standard 13 12 that is 1694 00:46:19,990 --> 00:46:20,000 is covered in mil standard 13 12 that is 1695 00:46:20,000 --> 00:46:22,540 is covered in mil standard 13 12 that is a huge document which I will at 1696 00:46:22,540 --> 00:46:22,550 a huge document which I will at 1697 00:46:22,550 --> 00:46:24,400 a huge document which I will at the end somewhere along the line I have 1698 00:46:24,400 --> 00:46:24,410 the end somewhere along the line I have 1699 00:46:24,410 --> 00:46:27,940 the end somewhere along the line I have a listing of all the different tests 1700 00:46:27,940 --> 00:46:27,950 a listing of all the different tests 1701 00:46:27,950 --> 00:46:30,310 a listing of all the different tests that are covered in that document it's a 1702 00:46:30,310 --> 00:46:30,320 that are covered in that document it's a 1703 00:46:30,320 --> 00:46:33,100 that are covered in that document it's a whole three-ring notebook of standards 1704 00:46:33,100 --> 00:46:33,110 whole three-ring notebook of standards 1705 00:46:33,110 --> 00:46:34,600 whole three-ring notebook of standards for the different testings I think 30 1706 00:46:34,600 --> 00:46:34,610 for the different testings I think 30 1707 00:46:34,610 --> 00:46:36,570 for the different testings I think 30 Sims sections or something like that 1708 00:46:36,570 --> 00:46:36,580 Sims sections or something like that 1709 00:46:36,580 --> 00:46:41,020 Sims sections or something like that then this Naas 5:23 gives ribbit codes 1710 00:46:41,020 --> 00:46:41,030 then this Naas 5:23 gives ribbit codes 1711 00:46:41,030 --> 00:46:43,690 then this Naas 5:23 gives ribbit codes and call-outs that's the one the covers 1712 00:46:43,690 --> 00:46:43,700 and call-outs that's the one the covers 1713 00:46:43,700 --> 00:46:45,910 and call-outs that's the one the covers I believe the little X with the 1714 00:46:45,910 --> 00:46:45,920 I believe the little X with the 1715 00:46:45,920 --> 00:46:49,930 I believe the little X with the different designations on it for how to 1716 00:46:49,930 --> 00:46:49,940 different designations on it for how to 1717 00:46:49,940 --> 00:46:52,690 different designations on it for how to call out a specific ribbit on a drawing 1718 00:46:52,690 --> 00:46:52,700 call out a specific ribbit on a drawing 1719 00:46:52,700 --> 00:46:54,490 call out a specific ribbit on a drawing whether it's counter something years I 1720 00:46:54,490 --> 00:46:54,500 whether it's counter something years I 1721 00:46:54,500 --> 00:46:57,030 whether it's counter something years I had person I'd know that business and 1722 00:46:57,030 --> 00:46:57,040 had person I'd know that business and 1723 00:46:57,040 --> 00:47:00,370 had person I'd know that business and then one of the other important things 1724 00:47:00,370 --> 00:47:00,380 then one of the other important things 1725 00:47:00,380 --> 00:47:02,860 then one of the other important things review the fastener manufacturers design 1726 00:47:02,860 --> 00:47:02,870 review the fastener manufacturers design 1727 00:47:02,870 --> 00:47:04,930 review the fastener manufacturers design criteria before incorporating his 1728 00:47:04,930 --> 00:47:04,940 criteria before incorporating his 1729 00:47:04,940 --> 00:47:07,660 criteria before incorporating his fasteners into your design and that's 1730 00:47:07,660 --> 00:47:07,670 fasteners into your design and that's 1731 00:47:07,670 --> 00:47:10,270 fasteners into your design and that's one of the things that day for Trek I 1732 00:47:10,270 --> 00:47:10,280 one of the things that day for Trek I 1733 00:47:10,280 --> 00:47:15,430 one of the things that day for Trek I found out call the manufacturer and find 1734 00:47:15,430 --> 00:47:15,440 found out call the manufacturer and find 1735 00:47:15,440 --> 00:47:19,060 found out call the manufacturer and find out what his fasteners sell for before 1736 00:47:19,060 --> 00:47:19,070 out what his fasteners sell for before 1737 00:47:19,070 --> 00:47:22,060 out what his fasteners sell for before you decide that you're going to use a 1738 00:47:22,060 --> 00:47:22,070 you decide that you're going to use a 1739 00:47:22,070 --> 00:47:24,760 you decide that you're going to use a few hundred of money or designed because 1740 00:47:24,760 --> 00:47:24,770 few hundred of money or designed because 1741 00:47:24,770 --> 00:47:27,070 few hundred of money or designed because they can get expensive particularly in 1742 00:47:27,070 --> 00:47:27,080 they can get expensive particularly in 1743 00:47:27,080 --> 00:47:34,440 they can get expensive particularly in small quantities now moving on to 1744 00:47:34,440 --> 00:47:34,450 small quantities now moving on to 1745 00:47:34,450 --> 00:47:37,180 small quantities now moving on to inspection and acceptance of fasteners 1746 00:47:37,180 --> 00:47:37,190 inspection and acceptance of fasteners 1747 00:47:37,190 --> 00:47:41,020 inspection and acceptance of fasteners this is one of the things that is not 1748 00:47:41,020 --> 00:47:41,030 this is one of the things that is not 1749 00:47:41,030 --> 00:47:45,910 this is one of the things that is not covered very well by most people because 1750 00:47:45,910 --> 00:47:45,920 covered very well by most people because 1751 00:47:45,920 --> 00:47:48,910 covered very well by most people because we can specify all the things that we 1752 00:47:48,910 --> 00:47:48,920 we can specify all the things that we 1753 00:47:48,920 --> 00:47:54,100 we can specify all the things that we want in fasteners and but when we get 1754 00:47:54,100 --> 00:47:54,110 want in fasteners and but when we get 1755 00:47:54,110 --> 00:47:56,890 want in fasteners and but when we get them we don't necessarily get what we 1756 00:47:56,890 --> 00:47:56,900 them we don't necessarily get what we 1757 00:47:56,900 --> 00:48:01,150 them we don't necessarily get what we ordered and the the criticality of the 1758 00:48:01,150 --> 00:48:01,160 ordered and the the criticality of the 1759 00:48:01,160 --> 00:48:02,770 ordered and the the criticality of the fastener design should determine how 1760 00:48:02,770 --> 00:48:02,780 fastener design should determine how 1761 00:48:02,780 --> 00:48:05,500 fastener design should determine how much inspection we have on it so we'll 1762 00:48:05,500 --> 00:48:05,510 much inspection we have on it so we'll 1763 00:48:05,510 --> 00:48:07,800 much inspection we have on it so we'll cover some of the inspection methods 1764 00:48:07,800 --> 00:48:07,810 cover some of the inspection methods 1765 00:48:07,810 --> 00:48:15,660 cover some of the inspection methods that are used now on ordinary fasteners 1766 00:48:15,660 --> 00:48:15,670 that are used now on ordinary fasteners 1767 00:48:15,670 --> 00:48:19,720 that are used now on ordinary fasteners bolts nuts and stuff like that we can 1768 00:48:19,720 --> 00:48:19,730 bolts nuts and stuff like that we can 1769 00:48:19,730 --> 00:48:24,550 bolts nuts and stuff like that we can use hardness testing as a that's a 1770 00:48:24,550 --> 00:48:24,560 use hardness testing as a that's a 1771 00:48:24,560 --> 00:48:27,910 use hardness testing as a that's a simple one you use 1772 00:48:27,910 --> 00:48:27,920 simple one you use 1773 00:48:27,920 --> 00:48:31,750 simple one you use Brunell tests for aluminum usually and 1774 00:48:31,750 --> 00:48:31,760 Brunell tests for aluminum usually and 1775 00:48:31,760 --> 00:48:34,770 Brunell tests for aluminum usually and rockwell for steel 1776 00:48:34,770 --> 00:48:34,780 rockwell for steel 1777 00:48:34,780 --> 00:48:38,550 rockwell for steel and the what what these in general do 1778 00:48:38,550 --> 00:48:38,560 and the what what these in general do 1779 00:48:38,560 --> 00:48:41,280 and the what what these in general do you have a little ball that gives you an 1780 00:48:41,280 --> 00:48:41,290 you have a little ball that gives you an 1781 00:48:41,290 --> 00:48:43,470 you have a little ball that gives you an indentation and the amount of 1782 00:48:43,470 --> 00:48:43,480 indentation and the amount of 1783 00:48:43,480 --> 00:48:46,020 indentation and the amount of indentation that you get is correlated 1784 00:48:46,020 --> 00:48:46,030 indentation that you get is correlated 1785 00:48:46,030 --> 00:48:48,360 indentation that you get is correlated to the hardness of the material and that 1786 00:48:48,360 --> 00:48:48,370 to the hardness of the material and that 1787 00:48:48,370 --> 00:48:50,220 to the hardness of the material and that in turn to the strength of the material 1788 00:48:50,220 --> 00:48:50,230 in turn to the strength of the material 1789 00:48:50,230 --> 00:48:55,680 in turn to the strength of the material so for example if you go to a table rock 1790 00:48:55,680 --> 00:48:55,690 so for example if you go to a table rock 1791 00:48:55,690 --> 00:48:58,410 so for example if you go to a table rock and see a great eight fastener is about 1792 00:48:58,410 --> 00:48:58,420 and see a great eight fastener is about 1793 00:48:58,420 --> 00:49:02,760 and see a great eight fastener is about a rock well thirty c-33 I believe and at 1794 00:49:02,760 --> 00:49:02,770 a rock well thirty c-33 I believe and at 1795 00:49:02,770 --> 00:49:04,740 a rock well thirty c-33 I believe and at least it gives you some indications and 1796 00:49:04,740 --> 00:49:04,750 least it gives you some indications and 1797 00:49:04,750 --> 00:49:06,780 least it gives you some indications and there that's an easy test to run because 1798 00:49:06,780 --> 00:49:06,790 there that's an easy test to run because 1799 00:49:06,790 --> 00:49:08,880 there that's an easy test to run because you have a little machine you just slap 1800 00:49:08,880 --> 00:49:08,890 you have a little machine you just slap 1801 00:49:08,890 --> 00:49:12,060 you have a little machine you just slap the thing in there run the test or at 1802 00:49:12,060 --> 00:49:12,070 the thing in there run the test or at 1803 00:49:12,070 --> 00:49:17,490 the thing in there run the test or at least a beginning test on it the Brinell 1804 00:49:17,490 --> 00:49:17,500 least a beginning test on it the Brinell 1805 00:49:17,500 --> 00:49:22,040 least a beginning test on it the Brinell is used for testing their aluminum stuff 1806 00:49:22,040 --> 00:49:22,050 is used for testing their aluminum stuff 1807 00:49:22,050 --> 00:49:25,680 is used for testing their aluminum stuff usually although Brunel and Rockwell can 1808 00:49:25,680 --> 00:49:25,690 usually although Brunel and Rockwell can 1809 00:49:25,690 --> 00:49:28,770 usually although Brunel and Rockwell can be correlated because Wilson company 1810 00:49:28,770 --> 00:49:28,780 be correlated because Wilson company 1811 00:49:28,780 --> 00:49:31,320 be correlated because Wilson company makes all this equipment and they put 1812 00:49:31,320 --> 00:49:31,330 makes all this equipment and they put 1813 00:49:31,330 --> 00:49:34,140 makes all this equipment and they put out tables that give you the correlation 1814 00:49:34,140 --> 00:49:34,150 out tables that give you the correlation 1815 00:49:34,150 --> 00:49:37,290 out tables that give you the correlation between them you also have a Rockwell B 1816 00:49:37,290 --> 00:49:37,300 between them you also have a Rockwell B 1817 00:49:37,300 --> 00:49:39,420 between them you also have a Rockwell B scale for medium hardness materials 1818 00:49:39,420 --> 00:49:39,430 scale for medium hardness materials 1819 00:49:39,430 --> 00:49:41,630 scale for medium hardness materials usually your your carbon Steel's are 1820 00:49:41,630 --> 00:49:41,640 usually your your carbon Steel's are 1821 00:49:41,640 --> 00:49:45,450 usually your your carbon Steel's are rated on the the B scale and then when 1822 00:49:45,450 --> 00:49:45,460 rated on the the B scale and then when 1823 00:49:45,460 --> 00:49:49,950 rated on the the B scale and then when you get up I think a a B 100 is 1824 00:49:49,950 --> 00:49:49,960 you get up I think a a B 100 is 1825 00:49:49,960 --> 00:49:54,210 you get up I think a a B 100 is equivalent to around a C 18 or 20 or 1826 00:49:54,210 --> 00:49:54,220 equivalent to around a C 18 or 20 or 1827 00:49:54,220 --> 00:49:55,890 equivalent to around a C 18 or 20 or something like that for the harder 1828 00:49:55,890 --> 00:49:55,900 something like that for the harder 1829 00:49:55,900 --> 00:50:00,050 something like that for the harder materials so if we go to the next figure 1830 00:50:00,050 --> 00:50:00,060 materials so if we go to the next figure 1831 00:50:00,060 --> 00:50:03,090 materials so if we go to the next figure here's a Brinell hardness tester and 1832 00:50:03,090 --> 00:50:03,100 here's a Brinell hardness tester and 1833 00:50:03,100 --> 00:50:05,310 here's a Brinell hardness tester and what you have is a little table that you 1834 00:50:05,310 --> 00:50:05,320 what you have is a little table that you 1835 00:50:05,320 --> 00:50:07,290 what you have is a little table that you put your sample on the ball is in the 1836 00:50:07,290 --> 00:50:07,300 put your sample on the ball is in the 1837 00:50:07,300 --> 00:50:09,390 put your sample on the ball is in the headgear and you actuate the thing this 1838 00:50:09,390 --> 00:50:09,400 headgear and you actuate the thing this 1839 00:50:09,400 --> 00:50:11,430 headgear and you actuate the thing this one this is an older one I think when 1840 00:50:11,430 --> 00:50:11,440 one this is an older one I think when 1841 00:50:11,440 --> 00:50:13,800 one this is an older one I think when you just use a handle to actuate it 1842 00:50:13,800 --> 00:50:13,810 you just use a handle to actuate it 1843 00:50:13,810 --> 00:50:16,830 you just use a handle to actuate it nowadays it probably on these they 1844 00:50:16,830 --> 00:50:16,840 nowadays it probably on these they 1845 00:50:16,840 --> 00:50:18,560 nowadays it probably on these they probably make them that if there are 1846 00:50:18,560 --> 00:50:18,570 probably make them that if there are 1847 00:50:18,570 --> 00:50:23,340 probably make them that if there are electronically actuated that one is for 1848 00:50:23,340 --> 00:50:23,350 electronically actuated that one is for 1849 00:50:23,350 --> 00:50:27,180 electronically actuated that one is for the aluminum and then here is the Iraq 1850 00:50:27,180 --> 00:50:27,190 the aluminum and then here is the Iraq 1851 00:50:27,190 --> 00:50:29,570 the aluminum and then here is the Iraq well this is one of the newer Rockwell 1852 00:50:29,570 --> 00:50:29,580 well this is one of the newer Rockwell 1853 00:50:29,580 --> 00:50:31,920 well this is one of the newer Rockwell models that got out of one of their 1854 00:50:31,920 --> 00:50:31,930 models that got out of one of their 1855 00:50:31,930 --> 00:50:35,130 models that got out of one of their catalogs or Wilson catalog same thing 1856 00:50:35,130 --> 00:50:35,140 catalogs or Wilson catalog same thing 1857 00:50:35,140 --> 00:50:40,080 catalogs or Wilson catalog same thing you have a headgear to put your sample 1858 00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:40,090 you have a headgear to put your sample 1859 00:50:40,090 --> 00:50:44,340 you have a headgear to put your sample on or platform and then you have the the 1860 00:50:44,340 --> 00:50:44,350 on or platform and then you have the the 1861 00:50:44,350 --> 00:50:46,470 on or platform and then you have the the ball as in this part of it you program 1862 00:50:46,470 --> 00:50:46,480 ball as in this part of it you program 1863 00:50:46,480 --> 00:50:48,180 ball as in this part of it you program the thing to give you 1864 00:50:48,180 --> 00:50:48,190 the thing to give you 1865 00:50:48,190 --> 00:50:51,410 the thing to give you given amount of load and it measures the 1866 00:50:51,410 --> 00:50:51,420 given amount of load and it measures the 1867 00:50:51,420 --> 00:50:53,430 given amount of load and it measures the indentation and gives you a reading 1868 00:50:53,430 --> 00:50:53,440 indentation and gives you a reading 1869 00:50:53,440 --> 00:50:55,470 indentation and gives you a reading which you can use with the table to 1870 00:50:55,470 --> 00:50:55,480 which you can use with the table to 1871 00:50:55,480 --> 00:50:58,849 which you can use with the table to check it out 1872 00:50:58,849 --> 00:50:58,859 1873 00:50:58,859 --> 00:51:03,510 this mil standard 1312 de 6 gives a 1874 00:51:03,510 --> 00:51:03,520 this mil standard 1312 de 6 gives a 1875 00:51:03,520 --> 00:51:05,579 this mil standard 1312 de 6 gives a standard pest method and specifies the 1876 00:51:05,579 --> 00:51:05,589 standard pest method and specifies the 1877 00:51:05,589 --> 00:51:07,200 standard pest method and specifies the apparatus to be used for hardness 1878 00:51:07,200 --> 00:51:07,210 apparatus to be used for hardness 1879 00:51:07,210 --> 00:51:08,760 apparatus to be used for hardness testing and all types of structural 1880 00:51:08,760 --> 00:51:08,770 testing and all types of structural 1881 00:51:08,770 --> 00:51:13,440 testing and all types of structural fasteners now the the B scale this is 1882 00:51:13,440 --> 00:51:13,450 fasteners now the the B scale this is 1883 00:51:13,450 --> 00:51:17,069 fasteners now the the B scale this is the the size diameter ball and the the 1884 00:51:17,069 --> 00:51:17,079 the the size diameter ball and the the 1885 00:51:17,079 --> 00:51:19,109 the the size diameter ball and the the load you to use with it and then the C 1886 00:51:19,109 --> 00:51:19,119 load you to use with it and then the C 1887 00:51:19,119 --> 00:51:22,349 load you to use with it and then the C has has its own diameter and and the 1888 00:51:22,349 --> 00:51:22,359 has has its own diameter and and the 1889 00:51:22,359 --> 00:51:24,630 has has its own diameter and and the load and here's another one a Rockwell 1890 00:51:24,630 --> 00:51:24,640 load and here's another one a Rockwell 1891 00:51:24,640 --> 00:51:27,480 load and here's another one a Rockwell superficial hardness tester except the 1892 00:51:27,480 --> 00:51:27,490 superficial hardness tester except the 1893 00:51:27,490 --> 00:51:30,410 superficial hardness tester except the indentation is smaller and then new and 1894 00:51:30,410 --> 00:51:30,420 indentation is smaller and then new and 1895 00:51:30,420 --> 00:51:33,779 indentation is smaller and then new and Vickers micro hardness testers some of 1896 00:51:33,779 --> 00:51:33,789 Vickers micro hardness testers some of 1897 00:51:33,789 --> 00:51:35,069 Vickers micro hardness testers some of these they have them small enough that 1898 00:51:35,069 --> 00:51:35,079 these they have them small enough that 1899 00:51:35,079 --> 00:51:36,359 these they have them small enough that you can actually take them out on the 1900 00:51:36,359 --> 00:51:36,369 you can actually take them out on the 1901 00:51:36,369 --> 00:51:38,579 you can actually take them out on the job and test your parts without having 1902 00:51:38,579 --> 00:51:38,589 job and test your parts without having 1903 00:51:38,589 --> 00:51:43,049 job and test your parts without having to pull them out and take take them into 1904 00:51:43,049 --> 00:51:43,059 to pull them out and take take them into 1905 00:51:43,059 --> 00:51:45,329 to pull them out and take take them into the shop you may metallurgical lab to 1906 00:51:45,329 --> 00:51:45,339 the shop you may metallurgical lab to 1907 00:51:45,339 --> 00:51:50,819 the shop you may metallurgical lab to get them checked now for fastener 1908 00:51:50,819 --> 00:51:50,829 get them checked now for fastener 1909 00:51:50,829 --> 00:51:52,559 get them checked now for fastener hardness testing one of the problems you 1910 00:51:52,559 --> 00:51:52,569 hardness testing one of the problems you 1911 00:51:52,569 --> 00:51:54,960 hardness testing one of the problems you run into of course is how do you get an 1912 00:51:54,960 --> 00:51:54,970 run into of course is how do you get an 1913 00:51:54,970 --> 00:51:57,990 run into of course is how do you get an accurate reading and if you have cold 1914 00:51:57,990 --> 00:51:58,000 accurate reading and if you have cold 1915 00:51:58,000 --> 00:52:01,650 accurate reading and if you have cold work the fastener and farming it if you 1916 00:52:01,650 --> 00:52:01,660 work the fastener and farming it if you 1917 00:52:01,660 --> 00:52:03,930 work the fastener and farming it if you take a reading on the outside someplace 1918 00:52:03,930 --> 00:52:03,940 take a reading on the outside someplace 1919 00:52:03,940 --> 00:52:06,870 take a reading on the outside someplace it may not necessarily be the proper 1920 00:52:06,870 --> 00:52:06,880 it may not necessarily be the proper 1921 00:52:06,880 --> 00:52:11,250 it may not necessarily be the proper strength so to get accurate readings you 1922 00:52:11,250 --> 00:52:11,260 strength so to get accurate readings you 1923 00:52:11,260 --> 00:52:17,339 strength so to get accurate readings you need to get core hardness so you can you 1924 00:52:17,339 --> 00:52:17,349 need to get core hardness so you can you 1925 00:52:17,349 --> 00:52:22,049 need to get core hardness so you can you can take a machine it down and get two 1926 00:52:22,049 --> 00:52:22,059 can take a machine it down and get two 1927 00:52:22,059 --> 00:52:24,329 can take a machine it down and get two flat parallel surfaces and use one of 1928 00:52:24,329 --> 00:52:24,339 flat parallel surfaces and use one of 1929 00:52:24,339 --> 00:52:27,870 flat parallel surfaces and use one of them for hardness testing and the other 1930 00:52:27,870 --> 00:52:27,880 them for hardness testing and the other 1931 00:52:27,880 --> 00:52:29,190 them for hardness testing and the other thing you could do if you have small 1932 00:52:29,190 --> 00:52:29,200 thing you could do if you have small 1933 00:52:29,200 --> 00:52:31,289 thing you could do if you have small fasteners that you can't do that with 1934 00:52:31,289 --> 00:52:31,299 fasteners that you can't do that with 1935 00:52:31,299 --> 00:52:35,640 fasteners that you can't do that with then you can mount them and the these 1936 00:52:35,640 --> 00:52:35,650 then you can mount them and the these 1937 00:52:35,650 --> 00:52:37,650 then you can mount them and the these metallurgical people can put them in a 1938 00:52:37,650 --> 00:52:37,660 metallurgical people can put them in a 1939 00:52:37,660 --> 00:52:40,140 metallurgical people can put them in a nice little thermoplastic type setting 1940 00:52:40,140 --> 00:52:40,150 nice little thermoplastic type setting 1941 00:52:40,150 --> 00:52:45,870 nice little thermoplastic type setting that you can then put it on the platform 1942 00:52:45,870 --> 00:52:45,880 that you can then put it on the platform 1943 00:52:45,880 --> 00:52:48,539 that you can then put it on the platform and get hardness testing and the the 1944 00:52:48,539 --> 00:52:48,549 and get hardness testing and the the 1945 00:52:48,549 --> 00:52:51,120 and get hardness testing and the the beauty of that is since you can't get 1946 00:52:51,120 --> 00:52:51,130 beauty of that is since you can't get 1947 00:52:51,130 --> 00:52:55,049 beauty of that is since you can't get through hardening in a fastener and a 1948 00:52:55,049 --> 00:52:55,059 through hardening in a fastener and a 1949 00:52:55,059 --> 00:52:57,799 through hardening in a fastener and a lot of materials above about 1950 00:52:57,799 --> 00:52:57,809 lot of materials above about 1951 00:52:57,809 --> 00:53:01,560 lot of materials above about three-quarter inch diameter so you need 1952 00:53:01,560 --> 00:53:01,570 three-quarter inch diameter so you need 1953 00:53:01,570 --> 00:53:04,890 three-quarter inch diameter so you need to take both hardness readings close to 1954 00:53:04,890 --> 00:53:04,900 to take both hardness readings close to 1955 00:53:04,900 --> 00:53:07,350 to take both hardness readings close to the threads and at the core to see 1956 00:53:07,350 --> 00:53:07,360 the threads and at the core to see 1957 00:53:07,360 --> 00:53:10,140 the threads and at the core to see whether you're getting the true strength 1958 00:53:10,140 --> 00:53:10,150 whether you're getting the true strength 1959 00:53:10,150 --> 00:53:14,730 whether you're getting the true strength indication for the fastener so sew on 1960 00:53:14,730 --> 00:53:14,740 indication for the fastener so sew on 1961 00:53:14,740 --> 00:53:18,060 indication for the fastener so sew on the little ones this is a zero door 1962 00:53:18,060 --> 00:53:18,070 the little ones this is a zero door 1963 00:53:18,070 --> 00:53:21,750 the little ones this is a zero door number five so that's 60 to 60 1964 00:53:21,750 --> 00:53:21,760 number five so that's 60 to 60 1965 00:53:21,760 --> 00:53:25,950 number five so that's 60 to 60 thousandths to 1/8 diameter and in same 1966 00:53:25,950 --> 00:53:25,960 thousandths to 1/8 diameter and in same 1967 00:53:25,960 --> 00:53:28,470 thousandths to 1/8 diameter and in same thing for rivets you can set those and 1968 00:53:28,470 --> 00:53:28,480 thing for rivets you can set those and 1969 00:53:28,480 --> 00:53:31,320 thing for rivets you can set those and then on larger ones you can get there is 1970 00:53:31,320 --> 00:53:31,330 then on larger ones you can get there is 1971 00:53:31,330 --> 00:53:34,290 then on larger ones you can get there is a way of measuring the shank if it's not 1972 00:53:34,290 --> 00:53:34,300 a way of measuring the shank if it's not 1973 00:53:34,300 --> 00:53:36,210 a way of measuring the shank if it's not cowork too much that you can get a 1974 00:53:36,210 --> 00:53:36,220 cowork too much that you can get a 1975 00:53:36,220 --> 00:53:39,030 cowork too much that you can get a ballpark tape reading if the thing is 1976 00:53:39,030 --> 00:53:39,040 ballpark tape reading if the thing is 1977 00:53:39,040 --> 00:53:41,910 ballpark tape reading if the thing is big enough but this is not a very 1978 00:53:41,910 --> 00:53:41,920 big enough but this is not a very 1979 00:53:41,920 --> 00:53:43,530 big enough but this is not a very accurate reading it's only if you're 1980 00:53:43,530 --> 00:53:43,540 accurate reading it's only if you're 1981 00:53:43,540 --> 00:53:46,290 accurate reading it's only if you're looking something just a general type 1982 00:53:46,290 --> 00:53:46,300 looking something just a general type 1983 00:53:46,300 --> 00:53:50,520 looking something just a general type reading now tensile testing this is 1984 00:53:50,520 --> 00:53:50,530 reading now tensile testing this is 1985 00:53:50,530 --> 00:53:52,320 reading now tensile testing this is something of course you can do and that 1986 00:53:52,320 --> 00:53:52,330 something of course you can do and that 1987 00:53:52,330 --> 00:53:54,180 something of course you can do and that they do a little bit of that around here 1988 00:53:54,180 --> 00:53:54,190 they do a little bit of that around here 1989 00:53:54,190 --> 00:53:56,820 they do a little bit of that around here curl Bergquist is the guy that does it 1990 00:53:56,820 --> 00:53:56,830 curl Bergquist is the guy that does it 1991 00:53:56,830 --> 00:54:00,540 curl Bergquist is the guy that does it on taking a few samples out of the greed 1992 00:54:00,540 --> 00:54:00,550 on taking a few samples out of the greed 1993 00:54:00,550 --> 00:54:04,740 on taking a few samples out of the greed eights and socket head cap screws and 1994 00:54:04,740 --> 00:54:04,750 eights and socket head cap screws and 1995 00:54:04,750 --> 00:54:07,590 eights and socket head cap screws and pulling them just to see what they are 1996 00:54:07,590 --> 00:54:07,600 pulling them just to see what they are 1997 00:54:07,600 --> 00:54:13,770 pulling them just to see what they are good for so in general you take a few 1998 00:54:13,770 --> 00:54:13,780 good for so in general you take a few 1999 00:54:13,780 --> 00:54:16,440 good for so in general you take a few out run them if any of them fails you 2000 00:54:16,440 --> 00:54:16,450 out run them if any of them fails you 2001 00:54:16,450 --> 00:54:19,920 out run them if any of them fails you reject the light and what you do is you 2002 00:54:19,920 --> 00:54:19,930 reject the light and what you do is you 2003 00:54:19,930 --> 00:54:22,110 reject the light and what you do is you use a regular tensile testing machine 2004 00:54:22,110 --> 00:54:22,120 use a regular tensile testing machine 2005 00:54:22,120 --> 00:54:25,590 use a regular tensile testing machine that has large enough fixtures that you 2006 00:54:25,590 --> 00:54:25,600 that has large enough fixtures that you 2007 00:54:25,600 --> 00:54:28,230 that has large enough fixtures that you get essentially no deformation from the 2008 00:54:28,230 --> 00:54:28,240 get essentially no deformation from the 2009 00:54:28,240 --> 00:54:30,150 get essentially no deformation from the fixtures themselves because you want all 2010 00:54:30,150 --> 00:54:30,160 fixtures themselves because you want all 2011 00:54:30,160 --> 00:54:32,160 fixtures themselves because you want all the deformation to be in the fastener 2012 00:54:32,160 --> 00:54:32,170 the deformation to be in the fastener 2013 00:54:32,170 --> 00:54:34,650 the deformation to be in the fastener that way you can even measure the yield 2014 00:54:34,650 --> 00:54:34,660 that way you can even measure the yield 2015 00:54:34,660 --> 00:54:40,850 that way you can even measure the yield holder but strength any long Gatien 2016 00:54:40,850 --> 00:54:40,860 2017 00:54:40,860 --> 00:54:44,340 here's another test that can be used and 2018 00:54:44,340 --> 00:54:44,350 here's another test that can be used and 2019 00:54:44,350 --> 00:54:49,260 here's another test that can be used and of course counterfeit fasteners most of 2020 00:54:49,260 --> 00:54:49,270 of course counterfeit fasteners most of 2021 00:54:49,270 --> 00:54:53,790 of course counterfeit fasteners most of the time are made by cheating on the 2022 00:54:53,790 --> 00:54:53,800 the time are made by cheating on the 2023 00:54:53,800 --> 00:54:58,380 the time are made by cheating on the carbon content in order to heat treat a 2024 00:54:58,380 --> 00:54:58,390 carbon content in order to heat treat a 2025 00:54:58,390 --> 00:55:01,680 carbon content in order to heat treat a fastener and and we have in the 2026 00:55:01,680 --> 00:55:01,690 fastener and and we have in the 2027 00:55:01,690 --> 00:55:04,680 fastener and and we have in the specifications for a alloy steel 2028 00:55:04,680 --> 00:55:04,690 specifications for a alloy steel 2029 00:55:04,690 --> 00:55:06,810 specifications for a alloy steel fastener it has to be a minimum of 28 2030 00:55:06,810 --> 00:55:06,820 fastener it has to be a minimum of 28 2031 00:55:06,820 --> 00:55:10,410 fastener it has to be a minimum of 28 points of carbon in order to get heat 2032 00:55:10,410 --> 00:55:10,420 points of carbon in order to get heat 2033 00:55:10,420 --> 00:55:12,660 points of carbon in order to get heat treating and usually you use them up 2034 00:55:12,660 --> 00:55:12,670 treating and usually you use them up 2035 00:55:12,670 --> 00:55:14,130 treating and usually you use them up around 40 2036 00:55:14,130 --> 00:55:14,140 around 40 2037 00:55:14,140 --> 00:55:18,829 around 40 so the counterfeiters can add boron 2038 00:55:18,829 --> 00:55:18,839 so the counterfeiters can add boron 2039 00:55:18,839 --> 00:55:21,059 so the counterfeiters can add boron increases the harden ability of steel 2040 00:55:21,059 --> 00:55:21,069 increases the harden ability of steel 2041 00:55:21,069 --> 00:55:22,859 increases the harden ability of steel and boron is cheap and you don't need 2042 00:55:22,859 --> 00:55:22,869 and boron is cheap and you don't need 2043 00:55:22,869 --> 00:55:25,710 and boron is cheap and you don't need very much of it to add so you can take 2044 00:55:25,710 --> 00:55:25,720 very much of it to add so you can take 2045 00:55:25,720 --> 00:55:28,680 very much of it to add so you can take 1020 steel and add little boron to it 2046 00:55:28,680 --> 00:55:28,690 1020 steel and add little boron to it 2047 00:55:28,690 --> 00:55:30,319 1020 steel and add little boron to it and heat-treated 2048 00:55:30,319 --> 00:55:30,329 and heat-treated 2049 00:55:30,329 --> 00:55:33,620 and heat-treated so one of the tests that is used on 2050 00:55:33,620 --> 00:55:33,630 so one of the tests that is used on 2051 00:55:33,630 --> 00:55:36,569 so one of the tests that is used on acceptance of alloy steel fasteners is a 2052 00:55:36,569 --> 00:55:36,579 acceptance of alloy steel fasteners is a 2053 00:55:36,579 --> 00:55:40,519 acceptance of alloy steel fasteners is a carbon content test and there's 2054 00:55:40,519 --> 00:55:40,529 carbon content test and there's 2055 00:55:40,529 --> 00:55:44,009 carbon content test and there's different ways of doing it one of the 2056 00:55:44,009 --> 00:55:44,019 different ways of doing it one of the 2057 00:55:44,019 --> 00:55:46,410 different ways of doing it one of the company that I believe makes the 2058 00:55:46,410 --> 00:55:46,420 company that I believe makes the 2059 00:55:46,420 --> 00:55:47,670 company that I believe makes the equipment that we have around here is 2060 00:55:47,670 --> 00:55:47,680 equipment that we have around here is 2061 00:55:47,680 --> 00:55:52,049 equipment that we have around here is called Li CO and what you have is some 2062 00:55:52,049 --> 00:55:52,059 called Li CO and what you have is some 2063 00:55:52,059 --> 00:55:56,640 called Li CO and what you have is some type of a furnace in which you it's even 2064 00:55:56,640 --> 00:55:56,650 type of a furnace in which you it's even 2065 00:55:56,650 --> 00:56:02,609 type of a furnace in which you it's even either an induction or high-frequency 2066 00:56:02,609 --> 00:56:02,619 either an induction or high-frequency 2067 00:56:02,619 --> 00:56:07,440 either an induction or high-frequency type a resistance type furnaces and you 2068 00:56:07,440 --> 00:56:07,450 type a resistance type furnaces and you 2069 00:56:07,450 --> 00:56:09,390 type a resistance type furnaces and you take a little chunk of this stuff and 2070 00:56:09,390 --> 00:56:09,400 take a little chunk of this stuff and 2071 00:56:09,400 --> 00:56:11,609 take a little chunk of this stuff and put enough oxygen in with it that you 2072 00:56:11,609 --> 00:56:11,619 put enough oxygen in with it that you 2073 00:56:11,619 --> 00:56:14,579 put enough oxygen in with it that you can burn it and then you have different 2074 00:56:14,579 --> 00:56:14,589 can burn it and then you have different 2075 00:56:14,589 --> 00:56:17,519 can burn it and then you have different ways of measuring by getting the carbon 2076 00:56:17,519 --> 00:56:17,529 ways of measuring by getting the carbon 2077 00:56:17,529 --> 00:56:19,859 ways of measuring by getting the carbon dioxide from the combustion you can 2078 00:56:19,859 --> 00:56:19,869 dioxide from the combustion you can 2079 00:56:19,869 --> 00:56:22,890 dioxide from the combustion you can measure it and get the carbon content 2080 00:56:22,890 --> 00:56:22,900 measure it and get the carbon content 2081 00:56:22,900 --> 00:56:26,190 measure it and get the carbon content out of your sample so I'll kind of go 2082 00:56:26,190 --> 00:56:26,200 out of your sample so I'll kind of go 2083 00:56:26,200 --> 00:56:28,230 out of your sample so I'll kind of go into this and a little bit more detail 2084 00:56:28,230 --> 00:56:28,240 into this and a little bit more detail 2085 00:56:28,240 --> 00:56:33,749 into this and a little bit more detail here for a couple minutes yet it's high 2086 00:56:33,749 --> 00:56:33,759 here for a couple minutes yet it's high 2087 00:56:33,759 --> 00:56:35,430 here for a couple minutes yet it's high temperature combustion and you have two 2088 00:56:35,430 --> 00:56:35,440 temperature combustion and you have two 2089 00:56:35,440 --> 00:56:37,499 temperature combustion and you have two types of furnaces a high frequency and 2090 00:56:37,499 --> 00:56:37,509 types of furnaces a high frequency and 2091 00:56:37,509 --> 00:56:40,259 types of furnaces a high frequency and resistance high temperature and you use 2092 00:56:40,259 --> 00:56:40,269 resistance high temperature and you use 2093 00:56:40,269 --> 00:56:42,809 resistance high temperature and you use two different methods of carbon sulfur 2094 00:56:42,809 --> 00:56:42,819 two different methods of carbon sulfur 2095 00:56:42,819 --> 00:56:45,269 two different methods of carbon sulfur detection infrared absorption and 2096 00:56:45,269 --> 00:56:45,279 detection infrared absorption and 2097 00:56:45,279 --> 00:56:46,769 detection infrared absorption and thermal conductivity are the two 2098 00:56:46,769 --> 00:56:46,779 thermal conductivity are the two 2099 00:56:46,779 --> 00:56:48,680 thermal conductivity are the two different methods that are used for it 2100 00:56:48,680 --> 00:56:48,690 different methods that are used for it 2101 00:56:48,690 --> 00:56:53,759 different methods that are used for it the the test theory of course is to 2102 00:56:53,759 --> 00:56:53,769 the the test theory of course is to 2103 00:56:53,769 --> 00:56:56,609 the the test theory of course is to determine the content of carbon and 2104 00:56:56,609 --> 00:56:56,619 determine the content of carbon and 2105 00:56:56,619 --> 00:56:59,029 determine the content of carbon and sulfur and you can separate them out and 2106 00:56:59,029 --> 00:56:59,039 sulfur and you can separate them out and 2107 00:56:59,039 --> 00:57:06,720 sulfur and you can separate them out and find out which is which and the so that 2108 00:57:06,720 --> 00:57:06,730 find out which is which and the so that 2109 00:57:06,730 --> 00:57:08,460 find out which is which and the so that you get carbon dioxide and sulfur 2110 00:57:08,460 --> 00:57:08,470 you get carbon dioxide and sulfur 2111 00:57:08,470 --> 00:57:11,339 you get carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide and so with this furnace you 2112 00:57:11,339 --> 00:57:11,349 dioxide and so with this furnace you 2113 00:57:11,349 --> 00:57:13,019 dioxide and so with this furnace you take it you have to take it up to a 2114 00:57:13,019 --> 00:57:13,029 take it you have to take it up to a 2115 00:57:13,029 --> 00:57:14,579 take it you have to take it up to a pretty high temperature even with the 2116 00:57:14,579 --> 00:57:14,589 pretty high temperature even with the 2117 00:57:14,589 --> 00:57:16,920 pretty high temperature even with the oxygen to burn the carbon off of the 2118 00:57:16,920 --> 00:57:16,930 oxygen to burn the carbon off of the 2119 00:57:16,930 --> 00:57:18,599 oxygen to burn the carbon off of the steel because steel doesn't burn very 2120 00:57:18,599 --> 00:57:18,609 steel because steel doesn't burn very 2121 00:57:18,609 --> 00:57:22,260 steel because steel doesn't burn very well 2122 00:57:22,260 --> 00:57:22,270 2123 00:57:22,270 --> 00:57:25,270 the other oxide compounds that you get 2124 00:57:25,270 --> 00:57:25,280 the other oxide compounds that you get 2125 00:57:25,280 --> 00:57:29,290 the other oxide compounds that you get during this combustion you can siphon 2126 00:57:29,290 --> 00:57:29,300 during this combustion you can siphon 2127 00:57:29,300 --> 00:57:32,650 during this combustion you can siphon them off and get them out and you also 2128 00:57:32,650 --> 00:57:32,660 them off and get them out and you also 2129 00:57:32,660 --> 00:57:34,510 them off and get them out and you also remove the moisture with some sort of a 2130 00:57:34,510 --> 00:57:34,520 remove the moisture with some sort of a 2131 00:57:34,520 --> 00:57:38,230 remove the moisture with some sort of a diskant such as Herald even put in there 2132 00:57:38,230 --> 00:57:38,240 diskant such as Herald even put in there 2133 00:57:38,240 --> 00:57:41,410 diskant such as Herald even put in there what to use magnesium perchlorate Carol 2134 00:57:41,410 --> 00:57:41,420 what to use magnesium perchlorate Carol 2135 00:57:41,420 --> 00:57:45,310 what to use magnesium perchlorate Carol Casper helped me on coming up with all 2136 00:57:45,310 --> 00:57:45,320 Casper helped me on coming up with all 2137 00:57:45,320 --> 00:57:49,510 Casper helped me on coming up with all of this stuff the samples here's one of 2138 00:57:49,510 --> 00:57:49,520 of this stuff the samples here's one of 2139 00:57:49,520 --> 00:57:51,910 of this stuff the samples here's one of the important thing you have to make 2140 00:57:51,910 --> 00:57:51,920 the important thing you have to make 2141 00:57:51,920 --> 00:57:56,920 the important thing you have to make sure that you know exactly how much 2142 00:57:56,920 --> 00:57:56,930 sure that you know exactly how much 2143 00:57:56,930 --> 00:57:59,740 sure that you know exactly how much weight you have in your sample in order 2144 00:57:59,740 --> 00:57:59,750 weight you have in your sample in order 2145 00:57:59,750 --> 00:58:02,740 weight you have in your sample in order to do the testing because what you're 2146 00:58:02,740 --> 00:58:02,750 to do the testing because what you're 2147 00:58:02,750 --> 00:58:07,000 to do the testing because what you're looking at is the carbon per late in it 2148 00:58:07,000 --> 00:58:07,010 looking at is the carbon per late in it 2149 00:58:07,010 --> 00:58:11,470 looking at is the carbon per late in it and since it's such a small amount the 2150 00:58:11,470 --> 00:58:11,480 and since it's such a small amount the 2151 00:58:11,480 --> 00:58:13,840 and since it's such a small amount the the weight of the sample has to be 2152 00:58:13,840 --> 00:58:13,850 the weight of the sample has to be 2153 00:58:13,850 --> 00:58:17,710 the weight of the sample has to be accurate the limitations on it also the 2154 00:58:17,710 --> 00:58:17,720 accurate the limitations on it also the 2155 00:58:17,720 --> 00:58:20,200 accurate the limitations on it also the specimens must be homogeneous in other 2156 00:58:20,200 --> 00:58:20,210 specimens must be homogeneous in other 2157 00:58:20,210 --> 00:58:22,200 specimens must be homogeneous in other words if you spoke of the 2158 00:58:22,200 --> 00:58:22,210 words if you spoke of the 2159 00:58:22,210 --> 00:58:25,180 words if you spoke of the decarburization if you had say heavy 2160 00:58:25,180 --> 00:58:25,190 decarburization if you had say heavy 2161 00:58:25,190 --> 00:58:28,180 decarburization if you had say heavy content of carbon in the surface of the 2162 00:58:28,180 --> 00:58:28,190 content of carbon in the surface of the 2163 00:58:28,190 --> 00:58:31,960 content of carbon in the surface of the thing due to the way it was heat treated 2164 00:58:31,960 --> 00:58:31,970 thing due to the way it was heat treated 2165 00:58:31,970 --> 00:58:34,030 thing due to the way it was heat treated then you would get an erroneous reading 2166 00:58:34,030 --> 00:58:34,040 then you would get an erroneous reading 2167 00:58:34,040 --> 00:58:35,530 then you would get an erroneous reading it would show that it had a higher 2168 00:58:35,530 --> 00:58:35,540 it would show that it had a higher 2169 00:58:35,540 --> 00:58:39,010 it would show that it had a higher carbon content then it really had 2170 00:58:39,010 --> 00:58:39,020 carbon content then it really had 2171 00:58:39,020 --> 00:58:42,480 carbon content then it really had throughout graphite bearing specimens 2172 00:58:42,480 --> 00:58:42,490 throughout graphite bearing specimens 2173 00:58:42,490 --> 00:58:44,920 throughout graphite bearing specimens you have trouble with in other words you 2174 00:58:44,920 --> 00:58:44,930 you have trouble with in other words you 2175 00:58:44,930 --> 00:58:46,780 you have trouble with in other words you can't have graphite on the outside for 2176 00:58:46,780 --> 00:58:46,790 can't have graphite on the outside for 2177 00:58:46,790 --> 00:58:48,940 can't have graphite on the outside for the lubricant and of course the method 2178 00:58:48,940 --> 00:58:48,950 the lubricant and of course the method 2179 00:58:48,950 --> 00:58:57,970 the lubricant and of course the method is destructive so getting a sample and 2180 00:58:57,970 --> 00:58:57,980 is destructive so getting a sample and 2181 00:58:57,980 --> 00:59:00,010 is destructive so getting a sample and weighing it is a fairly short thing and 2182 00:59:00,010 --> 00:59:00,020 weighing it is a fairly short thing and 2183 00:59:00,020 --> 00:59:01,200 weighing it is a fairly short thing and then you have the high frequency 2184 00:59:01,200 --> 00:59:01,210 then you have the high frequency 2185 00:59:01,210 --> 00:59:05,110 then you have the high frequency furnaces that to use is it actually has 2186 00:59:05,110 --> 00:59:05,120 furnaces that to use is it actually has 2187 00:59:05,120 --> 00:59:11,640 furnaces that to use is it actually has a coil a heating coil on it and you have 2188 00:59:11,640 --> 00:59:11,650 a coil a heating coil on it and you have 2189 00:59:11,650 --> 00:59:15,190 a coil a heating coil on it and you have a a ceramic crucible that holds the 2190 00:59:15,190 --> 00:59:15,200 a a ceramic crucible that holds the 2191 00:59:15,200 --> 00:59:18,880 a a ceramic crucible that holds the sample and you heat it up and cook it 2192 00:59:18,880 --> 00:59:18,890 sample and you heat it up and cook it 2193 00:59:18,890 --> 00:59:21,190 sample and you heat it up and cook it out and here's one of them on the next 2194 00:59:21,190 --> 00:59:21,200 out and here's one of them on the next 2195 00:59:21,200 --> 00:59:26,530 out and here's one of them on the next page then we will take a break and we 2196 00:59:26,530 --> 00:59:26,540 page then we will take a break and we 2197 00:59:26,540 --> 00:59:29,530 page then we will take a break and we look at it when we come back